HeatMat：城市材料对城市热岛效应的模拟
HeatMat: Simulation of City Material Impact on Urban Heat Island Effect
AI总结：
HeatMat通过街景图像和预训练视觉-语言模型，高分辨率模拟城市材料对热岛效应的影响，利用2.5D模拟器提升热传递建模效率。
摘要：
城市热岛效应（UHI）是指城市环境相比周边地区温度显著升高的现象，使用传感器数据（卫星或地面站）在真实城市中研究这一现象困难，因为其空间和时间分辨率较低。其中影响这一效应的因素之一是城市材料的性质，这与乡村地区不同。为了分析其个体影响并测试新材料配置，需要在城市尺度上进行高分辨率模拟。估计城市当前使用的材料，包括建筑物立面的材料，也具有挑战性。我们提出HeatMat，一种方法，用于在真实城市中以高分辨率分析城市材料对UHI效应的个体影响，仅依赖开放数据。我们使用街景图像和预训练的视觉-语言模型（VLM）来估计建筑材料，以补充现有的OpenStreetMap数据，该数据描述了建筑物的2D几何和特征。我们进一步将此信息编码为一组2D地图，代表城市的垂直结构和材料特性。这些地图作为我们2.5D模拟器的输入，该模拟器建模了耦合的热传递，并允许在多个分辨率上进行随机访问的表面温度估计，比在3D中进行等效模拟快了20倍。
英文摘要：
The Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect, defined as a significant increase in temperature in urban environments compared to surrounding areas, is difficult to study in real cities using sensor data (satellites or in-situ stations) due to their coarse spatial and temporal resolution. Among the factors contributing to this effect are the properties of urban materials, which differ from those in rural areas. To analyze their individual impact and to test new material configurations, a high-resolution simulation at the city scale is required. Estimating the current materials used in a city, including those on building facades, is also challenging. We propose HeatMat, an approach to analyze at high resolution the individual impact of urban materials on the UHI effect in a real city, relying only on open data. We estimate building materials using street-view images and a pre-trained vision-language model (VLM) to supplement existing OpenStreetMap data, which describes the 2D geometry and features of buildings. We further encode this information into a set of 2D maps that represent the city's vertical structure and material characteristics. These maps serve as inputs for our 2.5D simulator, which models coupled heat transfers and enables random-access surface temperature estimation at multiple resolutions, reaching an x20 speedup compared to an equivalent simulation in 3D.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
