具身大脑：通过生物真实神经力学模型连接大脑、身体与行为
The embodied brain: Bridging the brain, body, and behavior with biorealistic neuromechanical models
AI总结：
本文综述生物真实神经力学模型，通过将人工神经控制器嵌入模拟环境中的身体模型，揭示神经、身体与环境交互的行为控制算法，并推动神经科学、机器人学和机器学习之间的交流。
摘要：
动物行为反映了神经系统、身体和环境之间的相互作用。因此，必须考虑生物力学和环境背景，以理解行为控制的算法。将人工神经控制器嵌入模拟环境中的身体模型的计算模型，是用于此目的的有力工具。在这里，我们回顾了生物真实神经力学模型的进展，同时强调了即将到来的新兴机遇。我们首先展示了这些模型如何能够推断出难以通过实验测量的生物物理变量。通过系统性扰动，可以通过这些模型生成新的可实验检验的假设。然后，我们考察了神经力学模型如何促进神经科学、机器人学和机器学习之间的交流，并展示了它们在医疗保健中的应用。我们设想，将实验研究与对其神经力学替代物的主动探测相结合，将显著加速神经科学的进展。
英文摘要：
Animal behavior reflects interactions between the nervous system, body, and environment. Therefore, biomechanics and environmental context must be considered to understand algorithms for behavioral control. Computational models that embed artificial neural controllers within body models in simulated environments are a powerful tool for this purpose. Here, we review advances in biorealistic neuromechanical models while also highlighting emerging opportunities ahead. We first show how these models enable inference of biophysical variables that are difficult to measure experimentally. Through systematic perturbations, one can generate new experimentally testable hypotheses using these models. We then examine how neuromechanical models facilitate the exchange among neuroscience, robotics, and machine learning, and showcase their applications in healthcare. We envision that coupling experimental studies with active probing of their neuromechanical surrogates will significantly accelerate progress in neuroscience.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
