利用离子阱中色散位移的多模声子数测量与单次超奇偶测量
Multimode Phonon-Number Measurement and Single-shot Superparity Measurement using Dispersive Shifts in a Trapped Ion
AI总结：
提出基于离子阱远失谐多模Jaynes-Cummings相互作用的色散位移框架，实现多模声子数测量和无损单次超奇偶测量（模2^k声子数测量），并实验演示单模模2、4、8的声子数测量。
摘要：
色散位移是电路量子电动力学中用于玻色子读出和控制的广泛使用的工具，但在离子阱运动系统中仍相对未被探索。这里我们引入一个统一框架，用于多模声子数测量和无损单次超奇偶测量（即模2^k的声子数测量），利用离子阱系统中远失谐多模Jaynes-Cummings相互作用的色散位移。我们实现了一个Ramsey序列，实现了多模自旋相关旋转（SDR），以及一种选择性解耦方案，该方案抵消了载波AC-Stark位移引起的相位，同时保留了色散位移引起的声子数相关相位。在此框架内，我们从自旋布居动力学推断单模和双模Fock态分布，使用基于SDR的条件奇偶算符和后选择生成猫态和纠缠相干态，并在单模设置中实现模2、4和8的声子数的无损单次测量。这些结果为在离子阱玻色子系统中使用多模奇偶算符开辟了新途径。
英文摘要：
Dispersive shifts are a widely used tool for bosonic readout and control in circuit quantum electrodynamics, yet they remain relatively unexplored in trapped-ion motional systems. Here we introduce a unified framework for multimode phonon-number measurement and nondestructive single-shot superparity measurement, i.e., phonon-number measurement modulo 2^k, using dispersive shifts in the far-detuned multimode Jaynes-Cummings interaction of a trapped ion system. We implement a Ramsey sequence that realizes a multimode spin-dependent rotation (SDR) together with a selective decoupling scheme that cancels the phase induced by the carrier AC-Stark shift while preserving the phonon-number-dependent phase induced by the dispersive shift. Within this framework, we infer single-mode and two-mode Fock-state distributions from spin-population dynamics, use SDR-based conditional parity operators with postselection to generate cat states and entangled coherent states, and realize nondestructive single-shot measurements of phonon number modulo 2, 4, and 8 in the single-mode setting. These results open a new avenue for the use of multimode parity operators in trapped-ion bosonic systems.
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