主动玻璃中异常的动态异质性作为违反Mermin-Wagner-Hohenberg定理的标志
Anomalous Dynamical Heterogeneity in Active Glasses as a Signature of Violation of Mermin-Wagner-Hohenberg Theorem
AI总结：
本研究通过分析主动玻璃中动力学异质性的异常行为，探讨了违反Mermin-Wagner-Hohenberg定理对系统有序性的影响，并揭示了局部结构有序与活动性之间的关系。
摘要：
二维系统由于其异常的动力学行为重新引起了科学界关注，这些行为源于长波数密度波动，如Mermin-Wagner-Hohenberg（MWH）定理所预测。在平衡状态下，已知在二维中连续自发对称破缺（SSB）在任何有限温度（T>0）下都被禁止，导致真正的长程位置有序的缺失，并确立d_l=2为下临界维数。近期研究表明，在主动系统中，下临界维数可以从d_l=2变为3。本研究探讨了在主动系统中违反MWH定理对动力学异质性（DH）的影响。作为最小模型，考虑了经历跑和 tumble（RT）运动的玻璃状活性粒子系统。在各种生物系统中，如集体细胞迁移、细菌细胞质和蚂蚁群落中，观察到类似玻璃的动力学行为，包括异常增强的DH。此外，研究还探讨了在活动存在下局部位置有序或中程晶体有序（MRCO）对DH的影响。结果表明，随着活动的增加，DH的增长在有无MRCO的系统中差异显著。这些发现可能具有重要影响，因为许多生物系统表现出局部结构有序，而DH可能成为量化有序程度的有用指标。
英文摘要：
Two-dimensional (2D) systems have attracted renewed interest within the scientific community due to their anomalous dynamical behaviors, which arise from long-wavelength density fluctuations as predicted by the Mermin-Wagner-Hohenberg (MWH) theorem. In equilibrium, it is well established that continuous spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) in 2D is prohibited at any finite temperature ($T > 0$), resulting in the absence of true long-range positional order and establishing $d_l = 2$ as the lower critical dimension. Recent studies have demonstrated that, in active systems, the lower critical dimension can shift from $d_l = 2$ to $3$. This study examines the impact of MWH theorem violation in active systems on dynamical heterogeneity (DH). As a minimal model, glassy systems of active particles undergoing run-and-tumble (RT) motion are considered. Glass-like dynamical behavior, including anomalously enhanced DH, is observed in various biological systems such as collective cell migration, bacterial cytoplasm, and ant colonies. Furthermore, the study investigates the influence of local positional order, or medium-range crystalline order (MRCO), on DH in the presence of activity. The results indicate that the growth of DH with increasing activity differs significantly between systems with and without MRCO. These findings may have important implications, as many biological systems exhibit local structural ordering, and DH could serve as a useful indicator for quantifying the degree of ordering.
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