主动浴中mesoscale流动决定半柔性丝状物的动力学
Mesoscale flows in active baths dictate the dynamics of semi-flexible filaments
AI总结：
研究发现半柔性丝状物的动力学由其长度与主动浴特征尺寸的比例决定，通过实验揭示了主动流动与弹性阻力的相互作用。
摘要：
生活在系统中的半柔性丝状物不断受到主动力驱动，这些力常常组织成mesoscale相干流动。尽管理论和模拟预测了丰富的丝状物动力学，但关于被动丝状物在集体主动浴中的实验研究仍很有限。在这里，我们展示了一个实验研究，研究了被自由悬挂的近二维细菌膜下方的空气-液体界面所限制的被动胶体丝状物，该膜具有类似喷嘴的mesoscale流动。通过改变丝状物轮廓长度和细菌活动性，我们证明丝状物的动力学由其长度相对于浴液特征尺寸的比例决定。比喷嘴宽度短的丝状物表现出显著增强的平移和旋转，变形极小；而长丝状物则表现出剧烈变形，但运输增强较少。我们通过浴液主动粘性拖拽与丝状物被动弹性阻力之间的竞争来解释我们的发现，使用了一个考虑mesoscale流动的修改后的弹性粘性数。
英文摘要：
Semi-flexible filaments in living systems are constantly driven by active forces that often organize into mesoscale coherent flows. Although theory and simulations predict rich filament dynamics, experimental studies of passive filaments in collective active baths remain scarce. Here we present an experimental study on passive colloidal filaments confined to the air-liquid interface beneath a free-standing, quasi-two-dimensional bacterial film featuring jet-like mesoscale flows. By varying filament contour length and bacterial activity, we demonstrate that filament dynamics are governed by its length relative to the characteristic size of the bath. Filaments shorter than the jet width exhibit greatly enhanced translation and rotation with minimal deformation, while long filaments show dramatic deformation but less enhanced transport. We explain our findings through the competition between the active viscous drag of the bath and passive elastic resistance of the filaments, using a modified elastoviscous number that considers the mesoscale flows.
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