开放FOAM计算流体动力学（CFD）求解器用于磁流体动力学开放循环，应用于萨哈林脉冲磁流体动力学发电机（PMHDG）
OpenFOAM computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver for magnetohydrodynamic open cycles, applied to the Sakhalin pulsed magnetohydrodynamic generator (PMHDG)
AI总结：
本文提出了一种基于OpenFOAM的CFD模型，用于模拟磁流体动力学开放循环，并应用于萨哈林脉冲MHD发电机的超音速通道模拟。
摘要：
在本研究中，我们提出了一种数学和计算流体动力学（CFD）模型，用于模拟磁流体动力学（MHD）发电装置的开放循环线性法拉第型连续电极通道，该装置以等离子体燃烧作为能源。该模型扩展了 Favre 平均纳维-斯托克斯方程，以考虑流动等离子体气体的电性质及其对施加磁场的反应。该模型考虑了多种效应，如洛伦兹力、湍流、可压缩性和从等离子体中提取能量，并采用了电势技术以及低磁雷诺数（Rem）近似。该模型通过多物理场开源计算环境“OpenFOAM”进行数值实现，该环境结合了有限体积法（FVM）和面向对象编程（OOP）概念。通过模拟大型脉冲MHD发电机（PMHDG）“萨哈林”的超音速通道，利用文献中收集的数据和经验表达式来展示该模型的能力。萨哈林是世界上最大的PMHDG，其演示的峰值电力输出为510 MW。萨哈林使用固体推进等离子体（SPP）作为能源，其具有一个单超音速扩散型法拉第型连续电极通道，长度为4.5米。我们通过与独立结果的比较来验证模型的正确性。然后，我们处理我们的三维模拟结果，以提供萨哈林通道的标量特性，纵向中心线的一维分布，以及整个通道内的三维分布。
英文摘要：
In the current study, we present a mathematical and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model for simulating open-cycle linear Faraday-type continuous-electrode channels of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) power generators, operating on combustion plasma. The model extends the Favre-averaged Navier-Stokes equations to account for the electric properties of the flowing plasma gas and its reaction to the applied magnetic field. The model takes into account various effects, such as the Lorentz force, turbulence, compressibility, and energy extraction from the plasma, and it adopts an electric potential technique along with the low magnetic Reynolds number (Rem) approximation. The model is numerically implemented using the multiphysics open-source computer programming environment "OpenFOAM," which combines the finite volume method (FVM) and the object-oriented programming (OOP) concept. The capabilities of the model are demonstrated by simulating the supersonic channel of the large-scale pulsed MHD generator (PMHDG) called "Sakhalin", with the aid of collected data and empirical expressions in the literature about its tested operation. Sakhalin was the world's largest PMHDG, with a demonstrated peak electric power output of 510 MW. Sakhalin operated on solid-propellant plasma (SPP), and it had a single supersonic divergent Faraday-type continuous-electrode channel with a length of 4.5 m. We check the validity of the model through comparisons with independent results for the Sakhalin PMHDG. Then, we process our three-dimensional simulation results to provide scalar characteristics of the Sakhalin channel, one-dimensional profiles along the longitudinal centerline, and three-dimensional distributions in the entire channel.
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