磁振子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中的铁电性：非互易超流性、例外点和马约拉纳玻色子
Ferroelectricity in a magnon Bose-Einstein condensate: Nonreciprocal superfluidity, exceptional points, and Majorana bosons
AI总结：
研究磁振子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚通过Aharonov-Casher相与电场相互作用导致的铁电不稳定性，揭示正反馈驱动自发铁电相变、非互易激发谱及全布里渊区例外点，并发现马约拉纳玻色子类比。
摘要：
我们研究了磁振子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的铁电不稳定性，该不稳定性通过几何Aharonov-Casher (AC)相与电场的相互作用介导。该系统的一个显著特征是正反馈回路：电场通过AC相诱导磁振子轨道运动，产生电极化，进而增强原始电场。基于玻色Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG)平均场理论，我们表明这种反馈驱动了磁振子超流体中的自发铁电相变，并伴随持久的磁振子超流。在由此产生的铁电相中，准粒子激发谱变得非互易，反映了空间反演对称性的自发破缺。在相变临界点，玻色BdG哈密顿量表现出特征值和特征向量的全局并合，在整个布里渊区形成例外点。相应的特征向量是玻色准粒子和准空穴态的等权重叠加，且在粒子-空穴变换下不变，因此可被解释为马约拉纳费米子的玻色类比。
英文摘要：
We investigate a ferroelectric instability of a magnon Bose-Einstein condensate, mediated by its interaction with an electric field through a geometric Aharonov-Casher (AC) phase. A distinct feature of the system is the positive feedback loop in which an electric field induces magnon orbital motion via the AC phase, generating electric polarization that in turn enhances the original field. Based on bosonic Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) mean-field theory, we show that this feedback drives a spontaneous ferroelectric transition in the magnon superfluid, accompanied by a persistent magnon supercurrent. In the resulting ferroelectric phase, the quasiparticle excitation spectrum becomes nonreciprocal, reflecting spontaneous breaking of spatial inversion symmetry. At the critical point of the transition, the bosonic BdG Hamiltonian exhibits a global coalescence of both eigenvalues and eigenvectors, forming exceptional points throughout the entire Brillouin zone. The corresponding eigenvector is an equally weighted superposition of bosonic quasiparticle and quasihole states and is invariant under particle-hole transformation, allowing it to be interpreted as a bosonic analog of a Majorana fermion.
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