网络化系统的量子加密控制
Quantum Encrypted Control of Networked Systems
AI总结：
本文提出一种基于量子通信的加密控制框架，通过量子密钥分发增强安全性，实现网络化系统的高效加密与解密，确保控制精度和机密性。
摘要：
加密控制已被广泛研究，以确保网络化控制系统中系统状态和控制输入的机密性。本文提出了一种基于量子通信的计算高效加密控制框架，用于网络化系统。在传感器和执行器之间建立量子信道以生成相同的秘密密钥，其安全性通过量子密钥分发进一步增强。这些密钥能够在保持保密性和控制精度的同时实现轻量级的加密和解密。我们开发了一种基于量子密钥的新型加密-解密架构，用于线性系统的状态反馈控制，并表征了量子态误差对闭环稳定性的影响。特别是，我们建立了内在量子噪声存在临界阈值，该阈值以下可保证稳定性。与经典加密控制方案不同，后者在单个密钥位错误下可能会崩溃，而所提出的量子加密控制对密钥缺陷具有强鲁棒性。我们进一步采用量化技术来解决实际情况下通信位有限的场景，并基于随机量化器实现对量子密钥的隐私保护。这些结果表明，即使在当前技术成熟度水平下，将量子技术非平凡且原则性地整合到控制系统中，也能在减少计算复杂性和提高对密钥错误的鲁棒性的同时，确保对多个窃听源的安全性。
英文摘要：
Encrypted control has been extensively studied to ensure the confidentiality of system states and control inputs for networked control systems. This paper presents a computationally efficient encrypted control framework for networked systems enabled by quantum communication. A quantum channel between sensors and actuators is used to generate identical secret keys, whose security is further enhanced through quantum key distribution. These keys enable lightweight encryption and decryption while preserving confidentiality and control accuracy. We develop a novel encryption-decryption architecture for state-feedback control of linear systems based on quantum keys, and characterize the impact of quantum state errors on closed-loop stability. In particular, we establish the existence of a critical threshold on intrinsic quantum noise below which stability is guaranteed. In contrast to classical encrypted control schemes, which may collapse under a single key-bit error, the proposed quantum encrypted control exhibits strong robustness to key imperfections. We further adopt quantization techniques to address the scenarios with limited communication bits in practical situations, and implement privacy protection for quantum keys based on a stochastic quantizer. These results demonstrate that integrating quantum technologies into control systems in a nontrivial and principled manner, even at their current level of maturity, can yield substantial performance gains in reducing computational complexity and improving resilience to key errors while ensuring security against multiple eavesdropping sources.
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