BEC涡流作为超轻玻色子暗物质的观测特征
BEC vortices as an observational signature of ultra-light bosonic dark matter
AI总结：
研究通过数值解GPP方程，展示ULDM晕中涡流的形成，并探讨其引力透镜效应作为BEC-ULDM的观测特征。
摘要：
超轻玻色子暗物质（ULDM）是一个有趣且有前景的暗物质候选者。虽然文献中广泛研究了ULDM的波性质，本文探讨了ULDM作为玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体（BEC）的另一个显著特征：在旋转的BEC-ULDM晕中涡流的出现。通过GPP方程的数值解，我们证明在类似银河系的条件下，ULDM晕中会出现由承载角动量的密度柱构成的涡流网格。此外，我们研究了这些涡流的引力透镜效应，作为BEC-ULDM的可能观测特征。如果涡流足够大且晕的旋转轴与视线方向一致，可以产生规律分布的亮度异常，从而为BEC-ULDM提供强有力证据。
英文摘要：
Ultra-light bosonic dark matter (ULDM) is an interesting and promising dark matter candidate. While the wave-like nature of ULDM has been widely studied in the literature, we explore another distinctive feature of ULDM as Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) in this paper: the emergence of vortices in a rotating BEC-ULDM halos. Using numerical solution of the GPP equation, we demonstrate that a lattice of vortices ,underdensity columns that carry angular momentum, naturally forms in a ULDM halo under conditions similar to those of the Milky Way. Furthermore, we study the gravitational lensing by these vortices as a possible observational signature of BEC-ULDM. If the vortices are large enough and the halo's rotational axis align with the line of sight, regularly separated brightness anomalies can be produced, providing strong evidence for BEC-ULDM.
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