一种在DO-178C约束下定制化的Scrum-based敏捷框架的实用实现
A Practical Implementation of Customized Scrum-Based Agile Framework in Aerospace Software Development Under DO-178C Constraints
AI总结：
本文提出一种适用于DO-178C合规安全关键航空航天软件开发的Scrum-based敏捷框架，通过多学科产品负责人模型、双合规性与功能性验收标准等改进，显著提升效率并保持合规性。
摘要：
航空航天系统日益复杂，要求开发过程在敏捷性和严格安全认证需求间取得平衡。本文提出一种经实证验证的Scrum-based敏捷框架，专为符合DO-178C标准的安全关键航空航天软件开发设计。该框架调整了核心Scrum角色、制品和事件以满足认证、验证和独立性目标。关键改进包括多学科产品负责人模型、双合规性与功能性验收标准、独立测试与文档团队以及专门的认证联络人员。该方法通过两个可比的航空航天项目进行了评估——一个使用定制化的敏捷流程，另一个使用传统瀑布模型。结果表明，总工作量减少76%，缺陷检测速度加快75%，缺陷解决速度加快78%，缺陷密度降低超过50%，同时保持完全符合DO-178C设计保证级别A。这些发现表明，当通过纪律化的定制和积极与认证机构互动时，敏捷实践和监管合规可以有效共存。本文还指出挑战，包括由于重复的Sprint活动和迭代开发中的重构导致的验证与确认工作量增加。尽管如此，它识别出通过工作流自动化、持续集成/持续交付实践和自动化文档、验证和配置管理可以进一步获得显著收益的机会。未来研究应扩展验证该框架在航空航天领域和其他具有类似认证要求的安全关键行业中的适用性。
英文摘要：
The increasing complexity of aerospace systems requires development processes that balance agility with stringent safety and certification demands. This study presents an empirically validated Scrum-based Agile framework tailored for DO-178C compliant, safety-critical aerospace software. The framework adapts core Scrum roles, artifacts, and events to meet certification, verification, and independence objectives. Key enhancements include a multi-disciplinary product ownership model, dual compliance-and-functionality acceptance criteria, independent testing and documentation teams, and dedicated certification liaisons. The approach was evaluated through two comparable aerospace projects-one using the customized Agile process and the other a traditional Waterfall model. Results showed significant improvements: a 76% reduction in Total Effort per Requirement, 75% faster Defect Detection, 78% faster Defect Resolution, and over 50% lower Defect Density, while maintaining full compliance with DO-178C Design Assurance Level A. These findings demonstrate that Agile practices and regulatory compliance can coexist effectively when supported by disciplined tailoring and proactive engagement with certification authorities. The study also notes challenges, including increased V&V effort due to recurring Sprint activities and refactoring inherent to iterative development. Nonetheless, it identifies substantial opportunities for further gains through workflow automation, CI/CD practices, and automated documentation, verification, and configuration management. Future research should expand validation of this framework across the aerospace domain and other safety-critical industries with similar certification requirements.
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