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arXiv 2510.09329cs.CV

实例感知鲁棒一致性正则化用于半监督细胞核实例分割

Instance-Aware Robust Consistency Regularization for Semi-Supervised Nuclei Instance Segmentation

School of Automation Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China(自动化科学与工程学院,华南理工大学,广州510641,中国);Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China(乳腺甲状腺外科,南方大学第二附属医院,湖南衡阳421001,中国);School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China(人工智能与自动化学院,华中科技大学,武汉430074,中国);School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China(信息学院,厦门大学,厦门361005,中国);Pazhou Laboratory, Guangzhou 510335, China(琶洲实验室,广州510335,中国);School of Future Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China(未来技术学院,华南理工大学,广州510641,中国)

Zenan Lin, Wei Li, Jintao Chen, Zihao Wu, Wenxiong Kang, Changxin Gao, Liansheng Wang, Jin-Gang Yu

AI总结:

针对半监督细胞核实例分割中一致性正则化不足和伪标签噪声问题,提出IRCR-Net,利用匹配驱动和先验驱动的实例感知一致性机制及形态学先验评估伪标签质量,在多个数据集上显著提升性能,部分场景超越全监督方法。

摘要:

病理图像中的细胞核实例分割对于肿瘤微环境分析等下游任务至关重要。然而,标注数据的高成本和稀缺性限制了全监督方法的适用性,而现有的半监督方法未能充分在实例层面正则化一致性,缺乏对病理结构固有先验知识的利用,并且在训练过程中容易引入噪声伪标签。在本文中,我们提出了一种实例感知鲁棒一致性正则化网络(IRCR-Net),用于精确的实例级细胞核分割。具体而言,我们引入了匹配驱动的实例感知一致性(MIAC)和先验驱动的实例感知一致性(PIAC)机制,以细化教师和学生子网络的细胞核实例分割结果,特别是针对密集分布和重叠的细胞核。我们结合了病理图像中细胞核的形态学先验知识,并利用这些先验来评估从无标签数据生成的伪标签的质量。低质量的伪标签被丢弃,而高质量的预测被增强,以减少伪标签噪声并有利于网络的鲁棒训练。实验结果表明,与现有方法相比,所提出的方法在多个公共数据集上显著提升了半监督细胞核实例分割性能,在某些场景下甚至超过了全监督方法。

英文摘要:

Nuclei instance segmentation in pathological images is crucial for downstream tasks such as tumor microenvironment analysis. However, the high cost and scarcity of annotated data limit the applicability of fully supervised methods, while existing semi-supervised methods fail to adequately regularize consistency at the instance level, lack leverage of the inherent prior knowledge of pathological structures, and are prone to introducing noisy pseudo-labels during training. In this paper, we propose an Instance-Aware Robust Consistency Regularization Network (IRCR-Net) for accurate instance-level nuclei segmentation. Specifically, we introduce the Matching-Driven Instance-Aware Consistency (MIAC) and Prior-Driven Instance-Aware Consistency (PIAC) mechanisms to refine the nuclei instance segmentation result of the teacher and student subnetwork, particularly for densely distributed and overlapping nuclei. We incorporate morphological prior knowledge of nuclei in pathological images and utilize these priors to assess the quality of pseudo-labels generated from unlabeled data. Low-quality pseudo-labels are discarded, while high-quality predictions are enhanced to reduce pseudo-label noise and benefit the network's robust training. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly enhances semi-supervised nuclei instance segmentation performance across multiple public datasets compared to existing approaches, even surpassing fully supervised methods in some scenarios.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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