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arXiv 2510.09261astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SR
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千新模型中的光旅行时间效应

Light Travel Time Effects in Kilonova Models

Queen’s University Belfast(贝尔法斯特女王大学);Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin(都柏林三一学院);GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung(德国重离子研究中心);University of Copenhagen(哥本哈根大学);University of Oxford(牛津大学)

F. McNeill, S. A. Sim, C. E. Collins, L. J. Shingles, R. Damgaard, A. Sneppen, J. H. Gillanders

AI总结:

研究千新现象中光速有限性对光谱特征的影响,揭示时间延迟效应在快速演化事件建模中的重要性。

摘要:

千新现象的极快演化导致光谱在小时尺度上发生变化。这些光谱对于理解事件内部过程至关重要,但这种快速演化与超新星等其他爆炸瞬变事件相比是一个不熟悉的领域。特别是,在AT2017gfo的光谱中,最明显的P Cygni特征——通常归因于锶——具有一个发射成分,在其相关的吸收凹陷之后出现,并最终持续更久。这种延迟被认为是由于回声效应,即在千新演化早期发出的光子在到达观测者之前被散射,导致它们在更晚的时间被检测到。我们旨在研究光速有限性——以及因此光到达观测者的旅行时间——如何影响千新光谱特征的形状和演化。使用一个简单的模型,并跟踪光子到达观测者所经历的路径长度,我们能够测试在建模千新现象时是否需要考虑这种时间延迟效应。在光球温度迅速变化的时期,我们显示使用时间独立方法合成的光谱在视觉上与考虑了这些时间延迟效应的光谱有明显区别。因此,在如千新这样的快速演化事件中,必须考虑时间依赖性。

英文摘要:

The extremely rapid evolution of kilonovae results in spectra that change on an hourly basis. These spectra are key to understanding the processes occurring within the event, but this rapid evolution is an unfamiliar domain compared to other explosive transient events, such as supernovae. In particular, the most obvious P Cygni feature in the spectra of AT2017gfo -- commonly attributed to strontium -- possesses an emission component that emerges after, and ultimately outlives, its associated absorption dip. This delay is theorised to arise from reverberation effects, wherein photons emitted earlier in the kilonova's evolution are scattered before reaching the observer, causing them to be detected at later times. We aim to examine how the finite speed of light -- and therefore the light travel time to an observer -- contributes to the shape and evolution of spectral features in kilonovae. Using a simple model, and tracking the length of the journey photons undertake to an observer, we are able to test the necessity of accounting for this time delay effect when modelling kilonovae. In periods where the photospheric temperature is rapidly evolving, we show spectra synthesised using a time independent approach are visually distinct from those where these time delay effects are accounted for. Therefore, in rapidly evolving events such as kilonovae, time dependence must be taken into account.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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