一种具有经典出租方的量子密钥租赁统一方法
A Unified Approach to Quantum Key Leasing with a Classical Lessor
AI总结：
研究具有经典出租方的量子密钥租赁，提出模块化框架，获得用于PKE、PRF和数字签名的租赁方案，采用VRA安全概念，证明方案满足该概念，PKE方案有改进，PRF和数字签名方案为首创。
摘要：
安全密钥租赁允许以量子态形式租赁加密密钥，且密钥随后可被可验证地撤销。本文提出一种模块化框架，用于构建具有经典出租方的安全密钥租赁，出租方完全是经典的，仅用经典通信就能租赁和撤销量子秘密密钥。基于此框架，得到用于公钥加密（PKE）、伪随机函数（PRF）和数字签名的经典出租方安全密钥租赁方案。采用北川等人提出的针对验证密钥泄露攻击的强安全概念（VRA安全），并证明在错误学习假设下这三个方案都满足该概念。PKE方案改进了戈亚尔等人之前的构造，PRF和数字签名方案分别是首个具有经典出租方安全密钥租赁属性的方案。
英文摘要：
Secure key leasing allows a cryptographic key to be leased as a quantum state in such a way that the key can later be revoked in a verifiable manner. In this work, we propose a modular framework for constructing secure key leasing with a classical-lessor, where the lessor is entirely classical and, in particular, the quantum secret key can be both leased and revoked using only classical communication. Based on this framework, we obtain classical-lessor secure key leasing schemes for public-key encryption (PKE), pseudorandom function (PRF), and digital signature. We adopt the strong security notion known as security against verification key revealing attacks (VRA security) proposed by Kitagawa et al. (Eurocrypt 2025) into the classical-lessor setting, and we prove that all three of our schemes satisfy this notion under the learning with errors assumption. Our PKE scheme improves upon the previous construction by Goyal et al. (Eurocrypt 2025), and our PRF and digital signature schemes are respectively the first PRF and digital signature with classical-lessor secure key leasing property.
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