物理学与天文学写作教育现状调查
Surveying the State of Writing Education in Physics and Astronomy
AI总结：
本文通过对515名物理与天文相关受训者的在线调查，分析美国高校本科及研究生写作教育模式、质量差异与不平等风险，并提出结构化写作训练建议。
摘要：
写作是现代科学的一项关键技能，能够促成协作、科学讨论、公众推广等。因此，思考物理学家和天文学家如何接受写作训练十分重要。本研究旨在了解美国高等教育中科学写作教育的格局，特别是物理学和天文学领域。研究向515名参与者发放了一项在线调查，探讨其在本科和研究生阶段写作训练的各个方面；这些参与者均曾在物理学和/或天文学或相关领域接受过相当于或高于高年级本科水平的训练。人文学科课程和写作必修课程似乎在通识写作教育中发挥关键作用，而实验课程和导师反馈分别是本科和研究生阶段科学写作教育的主要模式。物理学和天文学写作教育的质量存在显著差异，往往取决于学生所在机构和/或导师。一些参与者还报告称，他们在学科写作方面的成功源于K-12教育打下的坚实基础和/或主动利用资源；这种对过往经历和学生背景的依赖可能加剧该领域的不平等。许多参与者还明确表示，希望本领域提供更有体系的写作训练。我们就如何实施此类训练提出建议，以满足调查中所识别出的社区需求。
英文摘要：
Writing is a critical skill for modern science, enabling collaboration, scientific discourse, public outreach, and more. Accordingly, it is important to consider how physicists and astronomers are trained to write. This study aims to understand the landscape of science writing education, specifically in physics and astronomy, in higher education in the United States. An online survey probing various aspects of their writing training in both undergraduate and graduate school was administered to 515 participants who have obtained training in physics and/or astronomy, or related fields, at the level equal to or beyond upper-division undergraduate study. Humanities and writing requirement courses appear to have a key role in general writing education, while laboratory courses and feedback from mentors are the dominant modes of science writing education in undergraduate and graduate school respectively. There is substantial variation in the quality of writing education in physics and astronomy, often dependent on the student's institution and/or mentor. Some participants also report that their success in disciplinary writing was a result of a solid foundation from K-12 education and/or self-direction towards resources; such reliance on past experiences and student background may contribute to inequality in the field. Many participants also stated a clear desire for more structured writing training to be available in the field. We provide suggestions for how to implement such training to meet the needs of the community identified in the survey.
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