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arXiv 2510.03035cs.CRcs.CY
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保护人格生物特征数据:面部隐私案例研究

Protecting Persona Biometric Data: The Case of Facial Privacy

Lambert Hogenhout, Rinzin Wangmo

AI总结:

本文提出面部隐私概念,梳理多国及地区隐私法律框架,分析不受监管的面部识别的隐私威胁与社会危害,提出以不可剥夺权利为核心的新政策框架以应对技术扩张带来的隐私风险。

摘要:

数字技术的普及带来了前所未有的数据收集规模,面部数据正成为一种尤为敏感的商品。企业越来越多地利用先进的面部识别技术构建复杂的监控能力,且往往未获得个人的明确同意,个人甚至对此毫不知情。许多司法辖区的法律薄弱且分散,助长了这一做法,形成了监管真空,使得个人身份被商业化,并对个人隐私和自主权构成重大威胁。本文提出了“面部隐私”的概念。文章通过全面梳理现有法律框架,分析了不受监管的面部识别带来的严峻挑战,研究并比较了GDPR(通用数据保护条例)、巴西LGPD(通用数据保护法)、加拿大PIPEDA(个人信息保护与电子文档法)、中国、新加坡、韩国和日本的隐私法案,以及美国伊利诺伊州《生物特征信息隐私法》(BIPA)等行业特定法律。分析凸显了这项技术的社会影响,包括潜在的歧视性偏见,以及不可更改的生物特征数据被盗可能造成的长期伤害。最终,本文指出现有法律漏洞和模糊性使个人处于弱势地位,并提出了一种新的政策框架,将范式从“数据即财产”转向不可剥夺权利模式,确保基本人权在不受约束的技术扩张中得到维护。

英文摘要:

The proliferation of digital technologies has led to unprecedented data collection, with facial data emerging as a particularly sensitive commodity. Companies are increasingly leveraging advanced facial recognition technologies, often without the explicit consent or awareness of individuals, to build sophisticated surveillance capabilities. This practice, fueled by weak and fragmented laws in many jurisdictions, has created a regulatory vacuum that allows for the commercialization of personal identity and poses significant threats to individual privacy and autonomy. This article introduces the concept of Facial Privacy. It analyzes the profound challenges posed by unregulated facial recognition by conducting a comprehensive review of existing legal frameworks. It examines and compares regulations such as the GDPR, Brazil's LGPD, Canada's PIPEDA, and privacy acts in China, Singapore, South Korea, and Japan, alongside sector-specific laws in the United States like the Illinois Biometric Information Privacy Act (BIPA). The analysis highlights the societal impacts of this technology, including the potential for discriminatory bias and the long-lasting harm that can result from the theft of immutable biometric data. Ultimately, the paper argues that existing legal loopholes and ambiguities leave individuals vulnerable. It proposes a new policy framework that shifts the paradigm from data as property to a model of inalienable rights, ensuring that fundamental human rights are upheld against unchecked technological expansion.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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