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arXiv 2510.02430quant-ph
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在线性光学中缓解荒原高原问题

Mitigating the barren plateau problem in linear optics

Aegiq Ltd.(Aegiq有限公司)

Matthew D. Horner

AI总结:

本文通过线性光学证明了变分量子算法中荒原高原的存在,并展示费米子线性光学对这一问题更不敏感,提出了一种双值相位移器,通过非线性相位移实现更少的局部极小值。

摘要:

我们利用线性光学(bosonic或fermionic粒子)证明了变分量子算法中荒原高原的存在,并展示费米子线性光学对这一问题更不敏感。我们使用这一发现提出了一种新的光子设备——双值相位移器,这是一种具有两个不同本征值的非线性相位移器。该组件在无论问题、初试猜测还是电路布局的情况下,都会产生具有更少局部极小值的变分成本景观。我们通过使用非线性光学、测量诱导的非线性或模拟费米统计的纠缠资源态三种方法实现这一点。后两种方法仅需线性光学,允许今天使用广泛可用的技术实现。我们展示了这种方案在所有测试中均优于已知的最佳线性光学变分算法。

英文摘要:

We prove that variational quantum algorithms using discrete variable boson samplers suffer from barren plateaus and that by changing to fermionic statistics, which is classically efficient to simulate, the barren plateau scaling is less severe. Moreover, when using fermionic statistics the cost landscape boils down to one unit frequency Fourier mode per variational parameter, irrespective of circuit design, ansatz or variational problem, allowing for more efficient parameter shift rules. This simplified cost landscape allows for the gradient-free Rotosolve algorithm to be used to gain a considerable speed-up over the original bosonic algorithm. Motivated by this, we propose a non-linear parametrised phase shifter, the dual-valued phase shifter, that generates these single-harmonic cost landscapes for bosonic statistics. We propose three ways to achieve this by using either non-linear optics, measurement-induced non-linearities, or entangled resource states simulating fermionic statistics. The latter two require linear optics only, allowing for implementation with widely-available technology today. Despite this, the classical simulability of free fermions and the fact the fermionic algorithm can defeat the bosonic algorithm casts doubt on whether the quantum advantage of boson sampling results in any practical advantage in this setting.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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