信号噪声与空间分辨率在直射成像中的应用。3. 使用简单模型进行优化
Signal-to-noise and spatial resolution in in-line imaging. 3. Optimization using a simple model
AI总结：
本文提出了一种简单模型用于优化传播基相位对比成像的几何参数和X射线能量，以提高图像对比度和空间分辨率。
摘要：
在投影X射线成像和具有相位检索的三维断层成像中，考虑了传播基相位对比成像设置的优化问题。对于二维成像，使用一个简单的模型来描述嵌入在 bulk 样本中的均匀边缘特征，以获得图像强度的解析表达式。该模型允许对成像设置的几何参数和 X 射线能量进行显式优化，以最大化图像对比度或对比度-噪声比。我们还考虑了生物医学X射线成像质量特性优化的问题，该特性在对比度-噪声比与空间分辨率和辐射剂量之间进行平衡。在三维情况下，对应于根据Paganin方法进行的传播基相位对比断层成像与相位检索，研究了成像设置的优化，涉及源尺寸、探测器分辨率、几何放大率和X射线能量。
英文摘要：
The problem of optimization of propagation-based phase-contrast imaging setups is considered in the case of projection X-ray imaging and three-dimensional tomography with phase retrieval. For two-dimensional imaging, a simple model for a homogeneous edge feature embedded in a bulk sample is used to obtain analytical expressions for the image intensity. This model allows for explicit optimization of the geometrical parameters of the imaging setup and the choice of X-ray energy that maximizes the image contrast or the contrast-to-noise ratio. We also consider the question of optimization of the biomedical X-ray imaging quality characteristic which balances the contrast-to-noise against the spatial resolution and the radiation dose. In the three-dimensional case corresponding to propagation-based phase-contrast tomography with phase retrieval according to Paganin's method, the optimization of the imaging setup is studied with respect to the source size, the detector resolution, the geometrical magnification and the X-ray energy.
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