NUSES上的Terzina载荷：低地球轨道中硅光电倍增管的性能与辐射损伤缓解
The Terzina Payload on NUSES: Silicon Photomultipliers Performance and Radiation Damage Mitigation in Low Earth Orbit
AI总结：
本文针对550公里低地球轨道Terzina切伦科夫卫星，表征多种NUV-HD-MT SiPM并研究其质子与电子辐照响应，结合模拟验证后提出退火策略以缓解辐射损伤。
摘要：
硅光电倍增管（SiPMs）因其对单光子的高灵敏度和紧凑设计，在空间探测近紫外、可见光和红外光方面日益受到青睐。尽管SiPMs相较于传统光电倍增管具有多项优势，但其对辐射和噪声的敏感性仍然是一个问题。本研究旨在为运行于550公里高度太阳同步低地球轨道（LEO）的Terzina切伦科夫卫星确定最优SiPM设计。为此，我们对由Fondazione Bruno Kessler开发的多种NUV-HD-MT SiPM变体进行了表征，并通过将其暴露于50 MeV质子束和来自β发射源锶-90的电子来研究其辐照响应。实验结果与SPENVIS和Geant4模拟进行了交叉验证。基于我们的发现，我们还提出了一种退火策略，以缓解辐射损伤并确保天基应用中的可靠性能。
英文摘要：
Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are increasingly favored for detecting near-UV, visible, and infrared light in space due to their high sensitivity to single photons and compact design. While SiPMs offer several advantages over traditional photomultiplier tubes, their susceptibility to radiation and noise remains an issue. Our study intended to determine the optimal SiPM design for the Terzina Cherenkov satellite in sun-synchronous low Earth orbit (LEO) at an altitude of 550 km. To this end, we characterised several NUV-HD-MT SiPM variants, developed by Fondazione Bruno Kessler, and studied their responses to irradiation by exposing them to a 50 MeV proton beam and to electrons from the $β$-emitting source strontium-90. Experimental results were cross-validated with SPENVIS and Geant4 simulations. Based on our findings, we also propose an annealing strategy to mitigate radiation damage and ensure reliable performance in space-based applications.
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