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arXiv 2509.00808cs.CVcs.AI

自适应对比度调整模块:一种用于增强胎儿标准切面分类的临床启发式即插即用方法

Adaptive Contrast Adjustment Module: A Clinically-Inspired Plug-and-Play Approach for Enhanced Fetal Plane Classification

Yang Chen, Sanglin Zhao, Baoyu Chen, Mans Gustaf

AI总结:

受临床超声操作启发,研究提出即插即用自适应对比度调整模块ACAM,通过可微多视图对比度增强与融合,在多中心胎儿超声切面数据集上显著提升各类分类模型准确率,为医学图像分析提供新范式。

摘要:

胎儿超声标准切面分类对可靠的产前诊断至关重要,但面临着固有的挑战,包括组织对比度低、边界模糊以及依赖操作者的图像质量差异。为克服这些局限,我们提出了一种即插即用的自适应对比度调整模块(ACAM),其核心设计灵感来源于医生调整图像对比度以获取更清晰、更具判别力的结构信息的临床实践。该模块采用浅层纹理敏感网络预测符合临床逻辑的对比度参数,通过可微映射将输入图像转换为多个对比度增强视图,并在下游分类器中融合这些视图。在包含6个解剖类别、共12400张图像的多中心数据集上验证表明,该模块在多种模型上均能持续提升性能:轻量级模型准确率提升2.02%,传统模型准确率提升1.29%,最先进(SOTA)模型准确率提升1.15%。该模块的创新点在于其内容感知自适应能力,用符合超声医师工作流程的物理信息驱动变换替代了随机预处理,同时通过多视图融合提升了对成像异质性的鲁棒性。该方法有效衔接了低层图像特征与高层语义,为真实世界图像质量波动下的医学图像分析建立了新范式。

英文摘要:

Fetal ultrasound standard plane classification is essential for reliable prenatal diagnosis but faces inherent challenges, including low tissue contrast, boundary ambiguity, and operator-dependent image quality variations. To overcome these limitations, we propose a plug-and-play adaptive contrast adjustment module (ACAM), whose core design is inspired by the clinical practice of doctors adjusting image contrast to obtain clearer and more discriminative structural information. The module employs a shallow texture-sensitive network to predict clinically plausible contrast parameters, transforms input images into multiple contrast-enhanced views through differentiable mapping, and fuses them within downstream classifiers. Validated on a multi-center dataset of 12,400 images across six anatomical categories, the module consistently improves performance across diverse models, with accuracy of lightweight models increasing by 2.02 percent, accuracy of traditional models increasing by 1.29 percent, and accuracy of state-of-the-art models increasing by 1.15 percent. The innovation of the module lies in its content-aware adaptation capability, replacing random preprocessing with physics-informed transformations that align with sonographer workflows while improving robustness to imaging heterogeneity through multi-view fusion. This approach effectively bridges low-level image features with high-level semantics, establishing a new paradigm for medical image analysis under real-world image quality variations.

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