环境变化下迁徙型资源导向智能体间合作的演化
Evolution of cooperation among migrating resource-oriented agents under environmental variability
AI总结：
本文构建资源随机移动、智能体逐资源迁徙并模仿成功邻居的模型，揭示环境变化性与流动性共同瓦解背叛者群体、促进合作形成。
AI中文摘要：
合作是人类社会的基础。尽管支撑其演化的若干基本理论机制已经确立，但针对更现实情境的研究仍不充分。基于“加剧的环境波动推动了非洲中石器时代人类早期行为演化”这一假说，我们考察环境变化性与人类流动性对合作演化的影响。在我们的模型中，变化性由二维空间内随机移动的资源富集点表示，流动性则由智能体寻求资源的迁徙表示。这些智能体围绕资源进行合作或竞争互动，同时从更成功的邻居那里采纳行为策略。通过对该模型的大量模拟，我们揭示了三个关键发现：（i）在智能体流动性充足时，即使适度的环境变化性也会促进合作，但进一步增强变化性并不会提升合作；（ii）在任何环境变化性水平下，智能体流动性都会促进合作；（iii）这些效应之所以发生，是因为环境变化性与智能体流动性的共同作用瓦解了资源富集区域中的背叛者群体，并在这些地点形成合作者群体。尽管以往研究分别考察过环境变化性和流动性，但据我们所知，这是首个分析二者对合作演化共同作用的研究。这些发现表明，环境变化性无需增强认知能力即可促进合作群体的形成，为理解人类合作乃至社会性的演化提供了新见解。
英文摘要：
Cooperation is fundamental to human societies. While several basic theoretical mechanisms underlying its evolution have been established, research addressing more realistic settings remains underdeveloped. Drawing on the hypothesis that intensified environmental fluctuations drove early behavioral evolution in humans during the Middle Stone Age in Africa, we examine the effects of environmental variability and human mobility on the evolution of cooperation. In our model, the variability is represented by randomly moving resource-rich spots across a two-dimensional space, and the mobility is represented by resource-seeking migration of agents. These agents interact cooperatively or competitively for resources while adopting behavioral strategies from more successful neighbors. Through extensive simulations of this model, we reveal three key findings: (i) with sufficient agent mobility, even modest environmental variability promotes cooperation, but further variability does not enhance cooperation; (ii) with any level of environmental variability, agent mobility promotes cooperation; and (iii) these effects occur because the joint effect of environmental variability and agent mobility disrupts defector groups in resource-rich areas, forming cooperator groups on those sites. Although previous studies examine environmental variability and mobility separately, to our knowledge this is the first study to analyze their joint effects on the evolution of cooperation. These findings suggest that environmental variability can promote cooperative group formation without enhanced cognitive abilities, providing new insights into the evolution of human cooperation and, by extension, sociality.
