东方躯体化,西方心理化?:探究临床基础下跨文化抑郁症状在LLMs中的表达
Somatic in the East, Psychological in the West?: Investigating Clinically-Grounded Cross-Cultural Depression Symptom Expression in LLMs
AI总结:
本研究测试大语言模型(LLMs)是否复现西方抑郁患者报告心理症状、东方患者报告躯体症状的文化模式,发现英语提示下模型未能复现,但东方语言提示改善部分对齐,原因在于模型对文化人物敏感性低及症状层级压倒文化线索。
摘要:
先前的临床心理学研究表明,西方抑郁症患者倾向于报告心理症状,而东方患者则报告躯体症状。我们测试了越来越多用于心理健康的大语言模型(LLMs)是否通过使用西方或东方人物提示来复现这些文化模式。结果显示,当使用英语提示时,LLMs在很大程度上未能复现这些模式,尽管使用主要东方语言(即中文、日语和印地语)提示在若干配置中改善了对齐。我们的分析指出了这一失败的两个关键原因:模型对文化人物的敏感性低,以及存在一个强大的、文化不变的症状层级,它覆盖了文化线索。这些发现表明,虽然提示语言很重要,但当前通用LLMs缺乏稳健的、具有文化意识的能力,而这对于安全有效的心理健康应用至关重要。
英文摘要:
Prior clinical psychology research shows that Western individuals with depression tend to report psychological symptoms, while Eastern individuals report somatic ones. We test whether Large Language Models (LLMs), which are increasingly used in mental health, reproduce these cultural patterns by prompting them with Western or Eastern personas. Results show that LLMs largely fail to replicate the patterns when prompted in English, though prompting in major Eastern languages (i.e., Chinese, Japanese, and Hindi) improves alignment in several configurations. Our analysis pinpoints two key reasons for this failure: the models' low sensitivity to cultural personas and a strong, culturally invariant symptom hierarchy that overrides cultural cues. These findings reveal that while prompt language is important, current general-purpose LLMs lack the robust, culture-aware capabilities essential for safe and effective mental health applications.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。