比较几种量子比特系统在超导硬件兼容性及电路设计灵敏度中的Qiskit应用
Comparing a Few Qubit Systems for Superconducting Hardware Compatibility and Circuit Design Sensitivity in Qiskit
AI总结：
本文通过IBM Sherbrooke 127量子处理器研究三种基本电路在4到10个量子比特上的性能，探讨电路复杂度、噪声鲁棒性和资源利用之间的权衡，揭示材料属性对量子电路可靠性的影响。
AI中文摘要：
当前量子计算生态系统中复杂电路的发展基于基本原语如贝尔态，提供叠加、纠缠和相干性。IBM量子等模拟器和平台的支持扩大了领域特定量子应用的范围。然而，NISQ时代理想模拟器输出与实际量子处理单元执行之间的差异要求应用量子误差缓解技术。超导量子比特系统和经典模拟器资源有限导致限制。量子退相干由材料缺陷和界面引起，影响门保真度并随电路深度增加而积累。本文通过IBM Sherbrooke 127量子处理器研究三种基本电路类：量子傅里叶变换、Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger态和W态，对比模拟器和QPU结果，发现电路保真度可作为材料限制噪声的间接探测器，为兼顾硬件和材料设计量子电路提供框架。
英文摘要：
The development of complex circuits for practical applications in the current quantum computing ecosystem is based on basic primitives such as Bell states, which provide superposition, entanglement, and coherence. The range of domain-specific quantum applications has been greatly expanded by the availability of simulators and platforms such as IBM Quantum, which are supported by Qiskit. However, disparities between ideal simulator outputs and actual quantum processing unit (QPU) executions in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era require the application of quantum error mitigation techniques. Limitations arise from hardware constraints in superconducting qubit systems and from the limited resources of classical simulators as quantum circuits grow. Quantum decoherence, which lowers gate fidelity and builds up at the circuit level with increasing depth, is specifically caused by material-induced flaws and interfaces. This creates a clear connection between circuit reliability, device performance, and material attributes. To address this, the current work uses both simulation and actual hardware on the IBM Sherbrooke 127-qubit processor to study three basic circuit classes over 4 to 10 qubits: the quantum Fourier transform, the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state, and the W state. The study examines trade-offs between circuit complexity, noise robustness, and resource utilization by contrasting simulator and QPU results. The results imply that circuit fidelity can serve as an indirect probe of material-limited noise, opening the door to a framework for designing quantum circuits that accounts for both hardware and materials to achieve scalable quantum advantage.
