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arXiv 2506.02476astro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR
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人马座矮星系主体的化学特写

A chemical close-up of the main body of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy

Alessio Liberatori, Deimer Antonio Alvarez Garay, Marco Palla, Alessio Mucciarelli, Michele Bellazzini, Donatella Romano

AI总结:

本研究利用FLAMES-UVES高分辨率光谱分析人马座矮椭球星系主体37颗红巨星的21种元素丰度,揭示其超新星增丰转变及与银河系的化学差异。

摘要:

我们给出了属于人马座(Sgr)矮椭球星系遗迹主体的37颗红巨星支(RGB)恒星样本的化学组成。所有恒星均使用FLAMES-UVES高分辨率光谱仪进行观测。沿Sgr红巨星支的蓝端选取了23个新目标,但位于星系恒星核之外,以避免受到贫金属球状星团M54恒星的污染。此外,我们重新分析了位于红色红巨星支上的14个目标的存档光谱。对于该样本,我们推导了代表不同核合成场所的21种化学元素(从氧到铕)的丰度。样本覆盖了从[Fe/H]约-2到约-0.4 dex的大范围金属丰度,我们可以识别由核心坍缩超新星(CC-SNe)和Ia型超新星(SNe-Ia)主导的增丰阶段之间的转变。观测到的[α/Fe]趋势表明在[Fe/H]约-1.5/-1.3 dex处出现拐点,这与Sgr相当低的恒星形成效率相符。在较低的[Fe/H]下,Sgr恒星表现出与相似[Fe/H]的银河系恒星相容的化学组成。唯一相关的例外是[Mn/Fe]、[Zn/Fe]和[Eu/Fe]。相反,在[Fe/H]高于约-1.5/-1.3 dex时,Sgr的化学模式在本研究分析的几乎所有元素上都显著偏离银河系。一些丰度模式揭示了作为超新星爆发的大质量恒星贡献较低(例如[Mn/Fe]、[Zn/Fe]),SNe-Ia的亚钱德拉塞卡前身星贡献较高(例如[Ni/Fe]),以及快速中子俘获元素的高生产效率([Eu/Fe])。

英文摘要:

We present the chemical composition of a sample of 37 red giant branch (RGB) stars belonging to the main body of the remnant of the Sagittarius (Sgr) dwarf spheroidal galaxy. All stars were observed with the FLAMES-UVES high-resolution spectrograph. Twenty-three new targets are selected along the blue side of the RGB of Sgr, but outside the galaxy stellar nucleus, in order to avoid contamination by the stars of the metal-poor globular cluster M54. Additionally, we re-analyzed archival spectra of fourteen targets located on the red RGB. For this sample, we derive the abundances of 21 chemical species (from Oxygen to Europium) representing different nucleosynthetic sites. The sample covers a large range of metallicity, from [Fe/H]~-2 to ~ -0.4 dex and we can identify the transition between the enrichment phases dominated by core-collapse (CC-SNe) and Type Ia (SNe-Ia) supernovae. The observed [α/Fe] trend suggests a knee occurring at [Fe/H]~-1.5/-1.3 dex, compatible with the rather low star formation efficiency of Sgr. At lower [Fe/H], Sgr stars exhibit a chemical composition compatible with Milky Way stars of similar [Fe/H]. The only relevant exceptions are [Mn/Fe], [Zn/Fe], and [Eu/Fe]. At [Fe/H] higher than ~ -1.5/-1.3 dex, instead, the chemical pattern of Sgr significantly deviates from that of the Milky Way for almost all the elements analyzed in this study. Some of the abundance patterns reveal a lower contribution by very massive stars exploding as hypernovae (e.g. [Mn/Fe], [Zn/Fe]), a higher contribution by sub-Chandrasekhar progenitors of SNe Ia (e.g. [Ni/Fe]) and a high production efficiency of rapid neutron-capture elements ([Eu/Fe]).

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