大型语言模型中的文化价值对齐：基于提示的Gemini、ChatGPT和DeepSeek施瓦茨价值观分析
Cultural Value Alignment in Large Language Models: A Prompt-based Analysis of Schwartz Values in Gemini, ChatGPT, and DeepSeek
AI总结：
本研究通过施瓦茨价值观问卷分析Gemini、ChatGPT和DeepSeek的文化价值对齐，发现DeepSeek弱化自我增强价值观，体现集体主义倾向，并提出多视角推理等对齐方法。
摘要：
本研究通过分析Gemini、ChatGPT和DeepSeek如何优先考虑施瓦茨价值观框架中的价值观，考察了大型语言模型（LLMs）中的文化价值对齐。使用40项肖像价值观问卷，我们评估了基于中文数据训练的DeepSeek是否表现出与西方模型不同的价值偏好。贝叶斯有序回归模型的结果显示，自我超越价值观（如仁慈、普世主义）在所有模型中均被高度优先考虑，反映了LLMs普遍强调亲社会价值观的倾向。然而，与ChatGPT和Gemini相比，DeepSeek独特地弱化了自我增强价值观（如权力、成就），这与集体主义文化倾向一致。这些发现表明，LLMs反映的是文化情境化的偏见，而非普遍的伦理框架。为了解决LLMs中的价值不对称问题，我们提出了多视角推理、自我反思反馈和动态情境化方法。本研究为关于AI公平性、文化中立性以及需要整合多元道德视角的多元AI对齐框架的讨论做出了贡献。
英文摘要：
This study examines cultural value alignment in large language models (LLMs) by analyzing how Gemini, ChatGPT, and DeepSeek prioritize values from Schwartz's value framework. Using the 40-item Portrait Values Questionnaire, we assessed whether DeepSeek, trained on Chinese-language data, exhibits distinct value preferences compared to Western models. Results of a Bayesian ordinal regression model show that self-transcendence values (e.g., benevolence, universalism) were highly prioritized across all models, reflecting a general LLM tendency to emphasize prosocial values. However, DeepSeek uniquely downplayed self-enhancement values (e.g., power, achievement) compared to ChatGPT and Gemini, aligning with collectivist cultural tendencies. These findings suggest that LLMs reflect culturally situated biases rather than a universal ethical framework. To address value asymmetries in LLMs, we propose multi-perspective reasoning, self-reflective feedback, and dynamic contextualization. This study contributes to discussions on AI fairness, cultural neutrality, and the need for pluralistic AI alignment frameworks that integrate diverse moral perspectives.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
