宇宙射线缪子极化以促进大气中微子物理研究
Cosmic Ray Muon Polarization to Facilitate Atmospheric Neutrino Physics
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文提出利用CRmuSRs阵列测量宇宙射线缪子自旋极化，以减少大气中微子通量不确定性，从而在液体闪烁体探测器中打破八重态简并并精确测量 $θ_{23}$。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
大气中微子（ATNs）为理解中微子性质提供了一种范式，而量化通量建模中的不确定性至关重要。由于大气中微子与宇宙射线缪子同时产生，对宇宙射线缪子的精确测量（包括到达方向、能谱和自旋极化）将有助于减少大气中微子产生的不确定性，并促进大气中微子物理研究。本文提出使用阵列策略来测量宇宙射线缪子的自旋极化，从而加强宇宙射线与大气中微子物理之间新兴的协同作用。使用 $O(10)~\text{m}^2$ 的宇宙射线缪子自旋极化探测器（CRmuSRs）阵列，可在一年内实现对几 GeV 能量范围内长期存在的大气中微子通量不确定性的百分比级约束。借助由此带来的通量不确定性的降低，在曝光量为 1500 $\text{kt}\cdot\text{yr}$ 的液体闪烁体探测器中进行大气中微子振荡分析，将打破八重态简并，并在 3$\sigma$ 置信水平下实现 $θ_{23}$ 的精确测量，无论质量排序如何，其不确定性均小于 $5$°。
英文摘要
Atmospheric neutrinos (ATNs) offer a paradigm for understanding neutrino properties, while it is critical to quantify uncertainties in flux modeling. Since ATNs are produced simultaneously with cosmic ray muons, precision measurements of cosmic ray muons, including arrival direction, energy spectra, and spin polarization, will help reduce ATN production uncertainties and facilitate atmospheric neutrino physics. This letter proposes using an array strategy to measure the spin polarization of cosmic ray muons, thereby strengthening the emergent synergies between cosmic ray and atmospheric neutrino physics. Constraints on long-standing atmospheric neutrino flux uncertainties at the percentage level in a few-GeV energy range are achievable within one year using a $O(10)~\text{m}^2$ array of Cosmic-Ray muon Spin polarization detectoRs (CRmuSRs). With the resulting reduction in flux uncertainties, oscillation analysis of atmospheric neutrinos in a liquid scintillator detector with an exposure of 1500 $\text{kt}\cdot\text{yr}$ will break the octant degeneracy and achieve the precision measurement of $θ_{23}$ with the uncertainty smaller than $5$° at 3$σ$ confidence level irrespective of the mass ordering.
