党派事实核查者的警告能够有效纠正个人关于政治错误信息的错误信念
Partisan Fact-Checkers' Warnings Can Effectively Correct Individuals' Misbeliefs About Political Misinformation
AI总结：
本文通过N=216的在线实验发现，明确标注党派立场的事实核查警告可有效纠正政治错误信念且不引发逆火效应，对意识形态一致信息及保守派的亲自由派错误信息效果尤甚。
摘要：
政治错误信息在社交媒体平台上已广泛传播，当其与个人既有信念和政治意识形态一致时尤其有害。作为回应，Facebook和X等平台推出了警告信息，利用第三方事实核查者的事实核查结果提醒用户警惕虚假内容。然而，人们仍担忧这些事实核查的有效性，尤其是在事实核查者被认为具有政治偏见时。为解决这些担忧，本研究呈现了一项在线人类受试者实验（N=216）的发现，考察事实核查者的政治立场如何影响其纠正关于政治错误信息的错误信念的效果。研究结果表明，党派事实核查者能够降低政治错误信息的感知准确性并纠正错误信念，且不会引发逆火效应。当错误信息与个人的政治意识形态一致时，这种纠正效果甚至更为显著。值得注意的是，尽管以往研究表明事实核查警告对保守派的效果不如自由派，但我们的结果显示，被明确标注为党派身份、并被定位为保守派政治对立面的事实核查者，在减少保守派对亲自由派错误信息的错误信念方面尤其有效。
英文摘要：
Political misinformation, particularly harmful when it aligns with individuals' preexisting beliefs and political ideologies, has become widespread on social media platforms. In response, platforms like Facebook and X introduced warning messages leveraging fact-checking results from third-party fact-checkers to alert users against false content. However, concerns persist about the effectiveness of these fact-checks, especially when fact-checkers are perceived as politically biased. To address these concerns, this study presents findings from an online human-subject experiment (N=216) investigating how the political stances of fact-checkers influence their effectiveness in correcting misbeliefs about political misinformation. Our findings demonstrate that partisan fact-checkers can decrease the perceived accuracy of political misinformation and correct misbeliefs without triggering backfire effects. This correction is even more pronounced when the misinformation aligns with individuals' political ideologies. Notably, while previous research suggests that fact-checking warnings are less effective for conservatives than liberals, our results suggest that explicitly labeled partisan fact-checkers, positioned as political counterparts to conservatives, are particularly effective in reducing conservatives' misbeliefs toward pro-liberal misinformation.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
