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arXiv 2505.03475cs.AIcs.LG
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am-ELO:一个稳定的基于竞技场的 LLM 评估框架

am-ELO: A Stable Framework for Arena-based LLM Evaluation

Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center(合肥综合性国家科学中心);iFLYTEK Co., Ltd(科大讯飞股份有限公司)

Zirui Liu, Jiatong Li, Yan Zhuang, Qi Liu, Shuanghong Shen, Jie Ouyang, Mingyue Cheng, Shijin Wang

AI总结:

针对基于竞技场的 LLM 评估中 ELO 评分系统的不稳定问题,本文提出 am-ELO 框架,通过引入最大似然估计替代迭代更新并纳入标注者能力,实现了更鲁棒、准确和稳定的模型评估。

摘要:

基于竞技场的评估是现代 AI 模型,特别是大型语言模型(LLMs)的一种基础且重要的评估范式。现有的基于 ELO 评分系统的框架由于排名不一致以及对标注者能力差异缺乏关注,不可避免地存在不稳定问题。在本文中,我们通过增强 ELO 评分系统引入了一个新颖的稳定竞技场框架来解决这些问题。具体而言,我们用最大似然估计(MLE)方法 m-ELO 替代了迭代更新方法,并提供了 MLE 方法在模型排名中一致性和稳定性的理论证明。此外,我们提出了 am-ELO,它修改了 ELO 评分的概率函数以纳入标注者能力,从而能够同时估计模型分数和标注者可靠性。实验表明该方法确保了稳定性,证明该框架为 LLMs 提供了一种更鲁棒、准确和稳定的评估方法。

英文摘要:

Arena-based evaluation is a fundamental yet significant evaluation paradigm for modern AI models, especially large language models (LLMs). Existing framework based on ELO rating system suffers from the inevitable instability problem due to ranking inconsistency and the lack of attention to the varying abilities of annotators. In this paper, we introduce a novel stable arena framework to address these issues by enhancing the ELO Rating System. Specifically, we replace the iterative update method with a Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) approach, m-ELO, and provide theoretical proof of the consistency and stability of the MLE approach for model ranking. Additionally, we proposed the am-ELO, which modify the Elo Rating's probability function to incorporate annotator abilities, enabling the simultaneous estimation of model scores and annotator reliability. Experiments demonstrate that this method ensures stability, proving that this framework offers a more robust, accurate, and stable evaluation method for LLMs.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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