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arXiv 2503.04490cs.CLq-bio.GN
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大语言模型在生物信息学中的应用:综述

Large Language Models in Bioinformatics: A Survey

The Chinese University of Hong Kong(香港中文大学);Peking University Third Hospital(北京大学第三医院);The Hong Kong Polytechnic University(香港理工大学);The University of Hong Kong(香港大学)

Zhenyu Wang, Zikang Wang, Jiyue Jiang, Pengan Chen, Xiangyu Shi, Yu Li

AI总结:

本文综述了大语言模型在生物信息学中的应用,涵盖基因组序列建模、RNA结构预测等核心方法,并探讨了数据稀缺和跨组学整合等挑战及未来发展方向。

摘要:

大语言模型(LLMs)正在革新生物信息学,使DNA、RNA、蛋白质和单细胞数据的高级分析成为可能。本文对最近的进展进行了系统回顾,重点在于基因组序列建模、RNA结构预测、蛋白质功能推断以及单细胞转录组学。同时,我们还讨论了几个关键挑战,包括数据稀缺、计算复杂性和跨组学整合,并探讨了未来方向,如多模态学习、混合AI模型和临床应用。通过提供全面的视角,本文强调了LLMs在推动生物信息学和精准医学创新方面的变革潜力。

英文摘要:

Large Language Models (LLMs) are revolutionizing bioinformatics, enabling advanced analysis of DNA, RNA, proteins, and single-cell data. This survey provides a systematic review of recent advancements, focusing on genomic sequence modeling, RNA structure prediction, protein function inference, and single-cell transcriptomics. Meanwhile, we also discuss several key challenges, including data scarcity, computational complexity, and cross-omics integration, and explore future directions such as multimodal learning, hybrid AI models, and clinical applications. By offering a comprehensive perspective, this paper underscores the transformative potential of LLMs in driving innovations in bioinformatics and precision medicine.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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