可编程电镊
Programmable Electric Tweezers
AI总结：
提出基于多位电极系统的可编程单物体操控概念，并在具有四个独立寻址电极的Programmable Electric Tweezer上实现，通过编程局部电场对多尺度微观物体进行精确捕获、移动和旋转，并应用于测量微粒荷质比与细菌电学特性及揭示单分子随机生物物理现象。
摘要：
单个微观物体（如细胞、粒子、分子或原子）与其相互作用的电磁场之间的相互作用机制，是光阱和磁阱等单物体操控的基础。按需功能的单物体操控依赖于在局部尺度上对电磁场的高度自由控制，这仍然是一个挑战。在此，我们提出了一种操控概念：基于在多位电极系统中对电磁场进行编程的可编程单物体操控。这一概念在具有四个独立寻址电极的Programmable Electric Tweezer (PET)上得以实现，标志着从功能固定的单物体操控向功能可编程的单物体操控的转变。通过编程局部电场，我们的PET能够提供多种操控功能，实现对多尺度单微观物体的精确捕获、移动和旋转，包括单个蛋白质、核酸、微粒和细菌。在实现这些功能的过程中，我们不仅能够按需操控目标物体，还能通过Paul trap定量测量单个微粒的荷质比，并通过旋转分析测量单个细菌细胞的电学特性。最后，通过叠加的单粒子捕获和旋转，我们展示了DNA超螺旋的自发弛豫，并观察到了弛豫过程中一个出乎意料的暂停现象，突显了PET在揭示单分子水平随机生物物理现象方面的多功能性和潜力。
英文摘要：
The interaction mechanism between a single microscopic object like a cell, a particle, a molecule, or an atom and its interacting electromagnetic field is fundamental in single-object manipulation such as optical trap and magnetic trap. Function-on-demand, single-object manipulation relies on a high degree of freedom control of electromagnetic field at localized scales, which remains challenging. Here we propose a manipulation concept: programmable single-object manipulation, based on programming the electromagnetic field in a multi-bit electrode system. This concept is materialized on a Programmable Electric Tweezer (PET) with four individually addressed electrodes, marking a transition from function-fixed single-object manipulation to function-programmable single-object manipulation. By programming the localized electric field, our PET can provide various manipulation functions for achieving precise trapping, movement and rotation of multiscale single microscopic objects, including single proteins, nucleic acids, microparticles and bacteria. Implementing these functions, we are able not only to manipulate the object of interest on demand but also quantitatively measure the charge to mass ratio of a single microparticle via the Paul trap and the electrical properties of an individual bacterial cell by the rotation analysis. Finally, with superposed single-particle trapping and rotation, we demonstrate the spontaneous relaxation of DNA supercoiling and observe an unexpected pause phenomenon in the relaxation process, highlighting the versatility and the potential of PET in uncovering stochastic biophysical phenomena at the single-molecule level.
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