智能合约的逻辑基础
Logical foundations of Smart Contracts
AI总结：
针对智能合约实现需复杂形式化方法的问题，提出以情景演算为逻辑基础，用其衍生语言Golog实现智能合约，以解决动态复杂系统的形式化描述难题。
摘要：
如今，复杂领域不断涌现，需要合适的形式化方法来准确规范并对其进行推理。其中一个领域是智能合约，它在网络物理系统中作为强制系统组件间正式协议的方式出现。智能合约在去中心化系统中通过区块链自我执行，运行和共享业务流程，涉及众多不同参与者。法律合同在很多情况下是复杂文件，包含大量例外情况和分包合同。基于法律合同实现智能合约是一项漫长而费力的任务，需涵盖与合同执行相关的所有行动、程序及行动效果。该领域一个持续存在的开放问题是如何使用统一且具有一定普适性的形式化方法对智能合约进行形式化描述。本论文提出使用情景演算（一种用于行动推理的逻辑）作为智能合约的逻辑基础。情景演算是基于逻辑的人工智能的重要方法之一，提供了足够的逻辑机制来规范和实现动态复杂系统（如合同）。情景演算适用于展示世界如何动态变化。智能合约将使用Golog（用Prolog编写）实现，Golog是一种基于情景演算的编程语言，用于建模复杂动态行为。
英文摘要：
Nowadays, sophisticated domains are emerging which require appropriate formalisms to be specified accurately in order to reason about them. One such domain is constituted of smart contracts that have emerged in cyber physical systems as a way of enforcing formal agreements between components of these systems. Smart contracts self-execute to run and share business processes through blockchain, in decentralized systems, with many different participants. Legal contracts are in many cases complex documents, with a number of exceptions, and many subcontracts. The implementation of smart contracts based on legal contracts is a long and laborious task, that needs to include all actions, procedures, and the effects of actions related to the execution of the contract. An ongoing open problem in this area is to formally account for smart contracts using a uniform and somewhat universal formalism. This thesis proposes logical foundations to smart contracts using the Situation Calculus, a logic for reasoning about actions. Situation Calculus is one of the prominent logic-based artificial intelligence approaches that provides enough logical mechanism to specify and implement dynamic and complex systems such as contracts. Situation Calculus is suitable to show how worlds dynamically change. Smart contracts are going to be implement with Golog (written en Prolog), a Situation Calculus-based programming language for modeling complex and dynamic behaviors.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
