卤化物钙钛矿中非热亚稳相的证据：光学追踪的热破缺记忆
Evidence of Athermal Metastable Phase in a Halide Perovskite: Optically Tracked Thermal-Breach Memory
AI总结：
本研究发现甲脒铅碘化物的迟滞亚稳相为非热相，可通过不同热路径制备多种亚稳态，其相演化依赖热历史与扰动方向，能借助发光实现高灵敏度的热破缺记忆光学探测，可用于温控包裹标记。
摘要：
过去十年间，卤化物钙钛矿材料凭借其优异的光电性能得到了广泛研究。但这类材料有一个不同于常见半导体的特征：许多卤化物钙钛矿会发生热诱导结构相变。该相变具有迟滞性，迟滞窗口划定了亚稳相的边界。我们发现，在甲脒铅碘化物（methylammonium lead iodide）中，这种迟滞亚稳相是非热的，即等温条件下几乎不会发生随时间的相演化。我们还表明，遵循不同的热路径可以制备大量可区分的亚稳态。此外，在可逆热扰动下，亚稳相中的状态要么表现出返回点记忆，要么发生系统性的不可恢复相演化，具体取决于热历史和温度扰动的符号。由于相组分可以通过发光以极高的灵敏度探测，我们得到了一种可光学读取的记忆，能够可靠记录任何温度稳定性破缺事件。非热马氏体中存在的这类热破缺记忆（已有众多相关实例），有望用于标记运输或保存过程中需要严格温控的包裹。
英文摘要：
Halide perovskite materials have been extensively studied in the last decade because of their impressive optoelectronic properties. However, their one characteristic that is uncommon for semiconductors is that many undergo thermally induced structural phase transitions. The transition is hysteretic, with the hysteresis window marking the boundary of the metastable phase. We have discovered that in methylammonium lead iodide, this hysteretic metastable phase is athermal, meaning it shows almost no temporal phase evolution under isothermal conditions. We also show that a large number of distinguishable metastable states can be prepared following different thermal pathways. Furthermore, under a reversible thermal perturbation, the states in the metastable phase either show return-point memory or undergo a systematic nonrecoverable phase evolution, depending on the thermal history and the sign of the temperature perturbation. Since the phase fraction can be probed with extreme sensitivity via luminescence, we have an optically retrievable memory that reliably records any breach in temperature stability. Such thermal-breach memory in athermal martensites, of which there are numerous examples, may be useful for tagging packages requiring strict temperature control during transportation or preservation.
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