基于频移键控调制的微液滴通信
Microdroplet-Based Communications with Frequency Shift Keying Modulation
AI总结：
本文提出一种基于微流控流动聚焦的微液滴通信系统，通过调控液滴生成速率实现4-FSK调制，实验验证了微型化条件下的可靠数据传输，并可扩展至其他区室化载体，为生物纳米物联网提供高容量通信方案。
摘要：
基于液滴的通信已被研究作为基于扩散的分子通信（MC）的一种更稳健的替代方案，然而现有的大多数演示采用大型“栓塞状”液滴或简单的T型结设计来生成液滴，限制了调制策略和可实现的数据速率。在此，我们报道了一种微流控通信系统，该系统利用微加工流动聚焦结构，通过生成亚100 μm油包水微液滴的速率来编码信息。通过压力调节流量控制器精确调节分散相（水）的流速，我们实现了具有四个符号的频移键控调制（4-FSK）。高速光学检测和视频处理装置作为接收器，跟踪微流控通道中不同符号持续时间（20秒和12秒）下的系统响应，并量化误码性能。尽管器件和通道结构实现了微型化，我们的实验仍展示了可编程且可靠的数据传输，符号错误极少。除油包水系统外，相同的编码原理可扩展到其他可通过流动聚焦技术合成的区室化载体（例如巨型单层囊泡、聚合物囊泡），为体内网络和新兴的生物纳米物联网中实现生物相容、稳健且高容量的通信铺平了道路。
英文摘要：
Droplet-based communications has been investigated as a more robust alternative to diffusion-based molecular communications (MC), yet most existing demonstrations employ large "plug-like" droplets or simple T-junction designs for droplet generation, restricting modulation strategies and achievable data rates. Here, we report a microfluidic communication system that encodes information via the generation rate of sub-100 $μ$m water-in-oil microdroplets using a microfabricated flow focusing architecture. By precisely tuning the flow rate of the dispersed-phase (water) via a pressure-regulated flow controller, we implement frequency shift keying modulation with four symbols (4-FSK). A high-speed optical detection and video processing setup serves as the receiver, tracking system response in the microfluidic channel across different symbol durations (20 s and 12 s) and quantifying error performance. Despite the miniaturized device and channel architecture, our experiments demonstrate programmable and reliable data transmission with minimal symbol errors. Beyond water-in-oil systems, the same encoding principles can be extended to other compartmentalized carriers (e.g., giant unilamellar vesicles, polymersomes) that can also be synthesized via flow focusing techniques, paving the way for biocompatible, robust, and high-capacity communication in intrabody networks and the emerging Internet of Bio-Nano Things.
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