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arXiv 2502.04091astro-ph.GA
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Fornax星系团低表面亮度下的不对称性作为环境过程的指示

Asymmetry at Low Surface Brightness as an Indicator of Environmental Processes in the Fornax Cluster

X. Xu, R. F. Peletier, P. Awad, M. A. Raj, R. Smith

AI总结:

本研究利用Fornax Deep Survey数据,通过等照度CAS参数量化矮星系形态,发现外部区域矮星系因冲压剥离、内部区域因潮汐效应而呈现更高不对称性,且近心点星系扰动显著,揭示了环境对矮星系形态的影响。

摘要:

矮星系在研究环境对星系形成和演化的影响中扮演着重要角色。在本研究中,我们旨在探索星系形态(特别是星系的不对称性)与其到星系团中心距离之间的关系。对于Fornax Deep Survey中的星系,我们使用不对称性(A)和光滑度(S)参数对矮星系的形态进行了量化。与以往工作不同,我们使用了等照度CAS参数,这些参数对星系的外部区域敏感。我们构建了A-r和S-r图来研究形态与距离之间的关系。此外,我们检验了不对称性对星等和颜色的影响。进一步地,为了更好地理解星系团的组装历史,我们对Fornax矮星系进行了相空间分析。我们发现,Fornax星系团外部区域的矮星系比其他矮星系具有更高的不对称性值,表明这些区域的矮星系内部存在更大程度的形态扰动。我们还发现,非常内部区域的星系比更外部的星系更加不对称。A-星等关系揭示了一个趋势,即星系越暗,不对称性越高;A-颜色关系显示,颜色更蓝的星系往往表现出更高的不对称性。我们没有发现与光滑度的相关性,除了光滑度随恒星质量的增加而显著降低。我们提出,外部区域矮星系较高的不对称性很可能是由冲压剥离(ram pressure stripping)造成的。在非常内部的区域,不对称性很可能是由潮汐效应引起的。此外,我们的相空间图表明,Fornax星系团中靠近近心点的星系表现出显著更高的不对称性,表明形态扰动发生在它们第一次近心点通过期间。

英文摘要:

Dwarf galaxies play an important role in studying the effects of the environment on galaxy formation and evolution. In this study, we aim to explore the relationship between the morphology, in particular the asymmetries of galaxies, and their distances to the cluster centre. For galaxies in the Fornax Deep Survey, we quantified the morphologies of dwarf galaxies using Asymmetry (A) and Smoothness (S). Unlike previous work, we use isophotal CAS-parameters, which are sensitive to the outer parts of galaxies. We constructed the A-r and S-r diagrams to investigate the relationship between morphology and distance. Additionally, we examined the effects of asymmetry on magnitude and colour. Furthermore, to better understand the assembly history of the galaxy cluster, we performed a phase-space analysis for Fornax dwarf galaxies. We find that dwarf galaxies in the outer regions of the Fornax cluster have higher values of asymmetry compared to other dwarfs in the cluster, indicating a greater degree of morphological disturbances within dwarf galaxies in these regions. We also find that galaxies in the very inner regions are more asymmetric than those further out. The A-magnitude relation reveals a trend where asymmetry increases as galaxies become fainter, and the A-colour relation shows that galaxies with bluer colours tend to exhibit higher asymmetry. We do not find any correlations with smoothness, except that smoothness strongly decreases with stellar mass. We propose that the higher asymmetry of dwarfs in the outer regions is most likely caused by ram pressure stripping. In the very inner parts, the asymmetries most likely are caused by tidal effects. In addition, our phase-space diagram suggests that galaxies near pericentre in the Fornax cluster exhibit significantly higher asymmetry, indicating that morphological disturbances happened during their first pericentric passage.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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