更健康的随机半经典引力：没有薛定谔猫的世界
A healthier stochastic semiclassical gravity: world without Schrödinger cats
AI总结：
针对半经典引力平均场耦合的缺陷，提出基于自发量子监测与反馈的混合经典-量子耦合方法，消除薛定谔猫态、纳入涨落并恢复线性，但相对论化仍受量子基础限制。
摘要：
半经典引力通过平均场近似将经典引力与量子化的物质耦合。平均场耦合存在两个问题。首先，它忽略了物质分布的量子涨落。其次，它违反了量子动力学的线性。第一个问题可以通过允许几何的随机涨落来缓解，但第二个问题深植于量子基础之中。恢复量子线性需要对混合经典-量子耦合采取概念性方法。对测量问题和量子-经典过渡的研究指向了解决方案。它基于一种假定的自发量子监测加反馈机制。这种方法消除了薛定谔猫态，考虑了量子涨落，并恢复了量子动力学的线性。这样引人入胜的概念上“更健康”的半经典理论在牛顿极限下存在，但其相对论协变性遇到了障碍。在这里，我们将简要回顾该概念及其在非相对论极限下的实现。我们强调，长期存在的相对论扩展障碍在于量子基础。
英文摘要：
Semiclassical gravity couples classical gravity to the quantized matter in meanfield approximation. The meanfield coupling is problematic for two reasons. First, it ignores the quantum fluctuation of matter distribution. Second, it violates the linearity of the quantum dynamics. The first problem can be mitigated by allowing stochastic fluctuations of the geometry but the second problem lies deep in quantum foundations. Restoration of quantum linearity requires a conceptual approach to hybrid classical-quantum coupling. Studies of the measurement problem and the quantum-classical transition point to the solution. It is based on a postulated mechanism of spontaneous quantum monitoring plus feedback. This approach eliminates Schrödinger cat states, takes quantum fluctuations into account, and restores the linearity of quantum dynamics. Such a captivating conceptionally `healthier' semiclassical theory exists in the Newtonian limit, but its relativistic covariance hits a wall. Here we will briefly recapitulate the concept and its realization in the nonrelativistic limit. We emphasize that the long-known obstacles to the relativistic extension lie in quantum foundations.
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