引力波湍流中的不对称双级联
Asymmetric dual cascade in gravitational wave turbulence
AI总结:
通过数值模拟引力波湍流衍生的四阶非线性扩散方程,发现受迫与衰减湍流中能量与波作用呈现不对称双级联,揭示了波作用谱向高波数扩展及新的时间演化标度律。
摘要:
我们在受迫和衰减两种状态下,数值模拟了一个四阶非线性扩散方程,该方程是在强局域四次相互作用的极限下,从引力波湍流的动力学方程推导得出的。当对中间波数 $k_i$ 施加受迫作用时,我们观察到了能量和波作用的双级联。在稳态下,相关的通量比与 $k_i$ 成正比,并且恢复了 Kolmogorov-Zakharov 谱。在衰减湍流中,研究表明波作用谱可以扩展到大于初始激发 $k_i$ 的波数,并具有恒定的负通量,而能量通量为正,且与 $k$ 呈幂律关系。这导致了一个出人意料的结果:存在一个单一的惯性区,其 Kolmogorov-Zakharov 波作用谱逐渐扩展到大于 $k_i$ 的波数。我们还观察到波作用随时间以 $t^{-1/3}$ 的规律衰减,而能谱前沿则按 $t^{1/3}$ 的规律推进。这些性质可以通过简单的理论论证来理解。
英文摘要:
We numerically simulate, in both the forced and decay regimes, a fourth-order nonlinear diffusion equation derived from the kinetic equation of gravitational wave turbulence in the limit of strongly local quartic interactions. When a forcing is applied to an intermediate wavenumber $k_i$, we observe a dual cascade of energy and wave action. In the stationary state, the associated flux ratio is proportional to $k_i$, and the Kolmogorov-Zakharov spectra are recovered. In decaying turbulence, the study reveals that the wave action spectrum can extend to wavenumbers greater than the initial excitation $k_i$ with constant negative flux, while the energy flux is positive with a power law dependence in $k$. This leads to an unexpected result: a single inertial range with a Kolmogorov-Zakharov wave action spectrum extending progressively to wavenumbers larger than $k_i$. We also observe a wave action decay in time in $t^{-1/3}$ while the front of the energy spectrum progresses according to a $t^{1/3}$ law. These properties can be understood with simple theoretical arguments.
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