非西方视角下的Web包容性：全球南方无障碍实践研究
Non-Western Perspectives on Web Inclusivity: A Study of Accessibility Practices in the Global South
AI总结：
本文对全球南方10个国家的10万个网站进行了首次大规模移动Web无障碍评估，发现严格法规能促进WCAG合规，但盲人和低视力人群仍受严重影响，仅40%网站达标，主因是开发者忽略了alt文本和ARIA描述。
摘要：
由于严重依赖移动设备进行互联网访问以及缓慢或不可靠网络的普遍存在，全球南方在实现数字包容方面面临独特挑战。尽管许多研究调查了教育、医疗和政府服务等特定领域的Web无障碍性，但这些努力大多局限于个别国家或狭窄的背景下，在跨区域、大规模分析方面留下了关键空白。本文通过在全球南方进行首次大规模移动Web无障碍比较研究来填补这一空白。在这项工作中，我们评估了来自全球南方10个国家的100,000个网站，以全面了解这些地区的无障碍实践。我们的发现表明，来自拥有严格无障碍法规和执行机制国家的网站往往更好地遵守Web内容无障碍指南（WCAG）准则。然而，无障碍违规行为以不同方式影响不同的残疾群体。全球南方的盲人和低视力人群受到的影响尤为严重，因为仅有40%的评估网站符合关键无障碍指南。这一重大缺陷主要是由于开发者经常忽略为图像实施有效的alt文本和ARIA描述，而这些是HTML标准中实现屏幕阅读器有效运行的必要规范机制。
英文摘要：
The Global South faces unique challenges in achieving digital inclusion due to a heavy reliance on mobile devices for internet access and the prevalence of slow or unreliable networks. While numerous studies have investigated web accessibility within specific sectors such as education, healthcare, and government services, these efforts have been largely constrained to individual countries or narrow contexts, leaving a critical gap in cross-regional, large-scale analysis. This paper addresses this gap by conducting the first large-scale comparative study of mobile web accessibility across the Global South. In this work, we evaluate 100,000 websites from 10 countries in the Global South to provide a comprehensive understanding of accessibility practices in these regions. Our findings reveal that websites from countries with strict accessibility regulations and enforcement tend to adhere better to Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) guidelines. However, accessibility violations impact different disability groups in varying ways. Blind and low-vision individuals in the Global South are disproportionately affected, as only 40% of the evaluated websites meet critical accessibility guidelines. This significant shortfall is largely due to developers frequently neglecting to implement valid alt text for images and ARIA descriptions, which are essential specification mechanisms in the HTML standard for the effective operation of screen readers.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
