迈向完美量子绝缘
Towards perfect quantum insulation
AI总结：
该研究提出一种变分方法，通过调整哈密顿量抑制跃迁并保持多粒子态，实现最优量子绝缘，并在紧束缚模型中展示其显著效果。
摘要：
电场施加于绝缘体时，会引起价带与导带之间的跃迁，从而产生电流。对哈密顿量的调整可以完善绝缘体的质量，在完全保持多粒子态的同时关闭跃迁，但这类调整难以实现。因此，具有理想特性的调整后哈密顿量通过变分方式处理，即分析合适的品质因数。它们抑制了允许电流的跃迁，同时倾向于保持多粒子态，从而产生最优绝缘。从这种方法中自然涌现出两个既有概念：无跃迁量子驱动[M. V. Berry, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 42, 365303 (2009)]和（修正的）局域化张量[R. Resta and S. Sorella, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 370-373 (1999)]。该变分方法通过应用于紧束缚模型加以说明。在此设置中，最优调整的哈密顿量对跃迁抑制和局域化张量减小具有强大影响，表明绝缘性能显著增强。这些特性预计比展示它们的模型更具普遍性。
英文摘要：
Electric fields, applied to insulators, cause transitions between valence and conduction bands, giving rise to current. Adjustments of the Hamiltonian can perfect the quality of the insulator, shutting down transitions whilst fully preserving the many-particle state, but they are challenging to implement. Instead, adjusted Hamiltonians having desirable features are addressed variationally, via the analysis of a suitable figure of merit. They suppress current-enabling transitions whilst tending to preserve the many-particle state, and hence they yield optimal insulation. Emerging naturally from this approach are two established concepts: transitionless quantum driving [M. V. Berry, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 42, 365303 (2009)] and (a modified) localization tensor [R. Resta and S. Sorella, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 370-373 (1999)]. The variational approach is illustrated via application to a tight-binding model. In this setting, the optimally adjusted Hamiltonian has a powerful impact on transition suppression and localization-tensor reduction, suggesting strong enhancement of insulation. These features are expected to be more general than the model that displays them.
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