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arXiv 2501.09810astro-ph.HEastro-ph.COastro-ph.GA
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从 CHIME/FRB 基带目录 1 推断快速射电暴的宇宙演化

The Cosmic Evolution of Fast Radio Bursts Inferred from the CHIME/FRB Baseband Catalog 1

Om Gupta, Paz Beniamini, Pawan Kumar, Steven L. Finkelstein

AI总结:

该研究利用 CHIME/FRB 基带目录首次校准 fluence-DM 二维分布,约束 FRB 能量函数、红移演化及形成通道,并预测高红移探测能力。

摘要:

红移和光度分布对于理解河外天体与现象(如星系、伽马射线暴和快速射电暴(FRB))的宇宙演化至关重要。对于 FRB,这些分布主要利用流量密度时间积分(fluence)和色散量(DM)来估计。由于 CHIME/FRB 巡天的强度数据缺乏准确的 fluence,校准二者的联合分布一直具有挑战性。利用 CHIME/FRB Catalog 1 的基带更新,我们首次校准了二维 fluence-DM 分布。我们发现能量分布可由 Schechter 函数很好地描述,其幂律斜率为 $-1.94^{+0.14}_{-0.12}$。对两类红移演化模型的检验表明,FRB 很可能由年轻和年老形成通道组合产生。$31^{+31}_{-21}$% 的 FRB 源可能追踪恒星形成,或者相应地,FRB 源可能具有 $1.94^{+1.54}_{-1.31}$ Gyr 的延迟时间。纯恒星形成追踪总体仅在一个模型中以 $>2σ$ 置信度被排除。通过汇编多项 JWST 研究的结果,我们约束了截至红移 14 的更新版宇宙恒星形成率密度演化。利用规划中的射电设施,最远的 FRB 探测预计位于 $z\approx5$。一台工作在 200 MHz、系统等效流量密度为 $\leq0.07$ Jy(相当于 1 mJy ms 的探测阈值)且瞬时天区覆盖为 $\gtrsim400$ 平方度的射电望远镜,应能在 $z\gtrsim6$ 处每年探测 $630^{+730}_{-485}$ 个 FRB,并在 $z\gtrsim8$ 处每年探测 $53^{+83}_{-43}$ 个 FRB,这足以区分不同的再电离历史。

英文摘要:

Redshift and luminosity distributions are essential for understanding the cosmic evolution of extragalactic objects and phenomena, such as galaxies, gamma-ray bursts, and fast radio bursts (FRBs). For FRBs, these distributions are primarily estimated using the fluence and the Dispersion Measure (DM). Calibrating their joint distribution has been challenging due to a lack of accurate fluences in the intensity data of the CHIME/FRB survey. Using the baseband update of CHIME/FRB Catalog 1, we calibrate the 2D fluence-DM distribution for the first time. We find the energy distribution is described well by a Schechter function with power-law slope of $-1.94^{+0.14}_{-0.12}$. Testing two types of redshift evolution models suggests a likely combination of young and old formation channels. $31^{+31}_{-21}$% of FRB sources may track star formation, or correspondingly, FRB sources may have delay times of $1.94^{+1.54}_{-1.31}$ Gyr. A pure star formation tracking population is excluded by only one model at $> 2σ$ confidence. An updated cosmic star formation rate density evolution up to redshift 14 is constrained by compiling results from several JWST studies. The furthest FRB detection with planned radio facilities is expected to be at $z \approx 5$. A radio telescope operating at 200 MHz with a system-equivalent flux density of $\leq 0.07$ Jy (equivalent to a detection threshold of 1 mJy ms) and instantaneous sky coverage of $\gtrsim 400$ square degrees should be able to detect $630^{+730}_{-485}$ FRBs year$^{-1}$ at $z \gtrsim 6$ and $53^{+83}_{-43}$ FRBs year$^{-1}$ at $z\gtrsim 8$, which is sufficient to differentiate between reionization histories.

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