11 New Transiting Brown Dwarfs and Very Low Mass Stars from TESS
Noah Vowell, Joseph E. Rodriguez, David W. Latham, Samuel N. Quinn, Jack Schulte, Jason D. Eastman, Allyson Bieryla, Khalid Barkaoui, David R. Ciardi, Karen A. … 展开作者
Noah Vowell, Joseph E. Rodriguez, David W. Latham, Samuel N. Quinn, Jack Schulte, Jason D. Eastman, Allyson Bieryla, Khalid Barkaoui, David R. Ciardi, Karen A. Collins, Eric Girardin, Ellie Heldridge, Brooke Kotten, Luigi Mancini, Felipe Murgas, Norio Narita, D. J. Radford, Howard M. Relles, Avi Shporer, Melinda Soares-Furtado, Ivan A. Strakhov, Carl Ziegler, César Briceño, Michael L. Calkins, Catherine A. Clark, Kevin I. Collins, Gilbert A. Esquerdo, Sergio B. Fajardo-Acosta, Akihiko Fukui, Cristilyn N. Watkins, Ruixuan He, Keith Horne, Jon M. Jenkins, Andrew W. Mann, Luca Naponiello, Enric Palle, Richard P. Schwarz, S. Seager, John Southworth, Gregor Srdoc, Jonathan J. Swift, Joshua N. Winn
我们报告了来自NASA TESS任务的11颗新凌星褐矮星和低质量M型矮星的发现:TOI-2844、TOI-3122、TOI-3577、TOI-3755、TOI-4462、TOI-4635、TOI-4737、TOI-4759、TOI-5240、TOI-5467和TOI-5882。它们由5个褐矮星伴星和6个极低质量恒星伴星组成,质量范围从25 $M_{\ m J}$到128 $M_{\ m J}$。我们结合了光度时间序列、光谱和高分辨率成像后续观测,作为TESS后续观测计划(TFOP)的一部分,以表征每个系统。随着已确认的凌星褐矮星超过50颗,我们现在有足够大的样本来直接检验不同的形成和演化情景。我们对凌星褐矮星沙漠提供了新的视角,及其在区分行星和恒星形成机制中的作用。我们对凌星褐矮星样本的偏心率分布的分析不支持先前关于在约42 $M_{\ m J}$处存在行星和恒星形成之间转变的说法。我们还首次研究了7至150 $M_{\ m J}$范围内凌星伴星的金属丰度分布,表明这也不支持约42 $M_{\ m J}$的转变。最后,我们在其中一个褐矮星宿主(TOI-5882)中检测到显著的锂吸收特征,但根据自转、运动学和光度测量确定该宿主星可能较老。因此,我们声称TOI-5882可能是行星吞噬的候选体。
英文摘要:
We present the discovery of 11 new transiting brown dwarfs and low-mass M-dwarfs from NASA's TESS mission: TOI-2844, TOI-3122, TOI-3577, TOI-3755, TOI-4462, TOI-4635, TOI-4737, TOI-4759, TOI-5240, TOI-5467, and TOI-5882. They consist of 5 brown dwarf companions and 6 very low mass stellar companions ranging in mass from $25 M_{\rm J}$ to $128 M_{\rm J}$. We used a combination of photometric time-series, spectroscopic, and high resolution imaging follow-up as a part of the TESS Follow-up Observing Program (TFOP) in order to characterize each system. With over 50 transiting brown dwarfs confirmed, we now have a large enough sample to directly test different formation and evolutionary scenarios. We provide a renewed perspective on the transiting brown dwarf desert and its role in differentiating between planetary and stellar formation mechanisms. Our analysis of the eccentricity distribution for the transiting brown dwarf sample does not support previous claims of a transition between planetary and stellar formation at $\sim42$ $M_{\rm J}$. We also contribute a first look into the metallicity distribution of transiting companions in the range $7 - 150$ $M_{\rm J}$, showing that this too does not support a $\sim42$ $M_{\rm J}$ transition. Finally, we also detect a significant lithium absorption feature in one of the brown dwarf hosts (TOI-5882) but determine that the host star is likely old based on rotation, kinematic, and photometric measurements. We therefore claim that TOI-5882 may be a candidate for planetary engulfment.
The sensitivity of TESS to transiting planets in TOIs with close-in stellar companions
Bay Area Environmental Research Institute(湾区环境研究所);Mount Holyoke College(蒙特霍利克学院);NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, Caltech/IPAC(NASA系外行星科学研究所,加州理工学院/IPAC);NASA Ames Research Center(NASA艾姆斯研究中心)
Automated identification of transiting exoplanet candidates in NASA Transiting Exoplanets Survey Satellite (TESS) data with machine learning methods
Catholic University of America(美国天主教大学);Tel Aviv University(特拉维夫大学);ThetaRay(ThetaRay公司)
一种使用机器学习(ML)方法的新型人工智能(AI)技术结合了由ThetaRay,Inc.应用于NASA的凌日系外行星勘测卫星(TESS)数据集,以识别系外行星候选者。AI/ML ThetaRay系统最初使用开普勒系外行星数据进行训练,并在应用于TESS数据之前使用确认的系外行星进行验证。数据的现有和新特征基于各种观测参数,通过采用半监督和无监督机器学习技术构建并用于AI/ML分析。通过将ThetaRay系统应用于TESS任务产生的10,803个阈值交叉事件(TCEs)的光变曲线,该算法从Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes获得,该算法产生了约50个目标以供进一步分析,我们通过进一步的人工审查发现了三个新的系外行星候选者。这项研究首次展示了将特定的基于AI/ML的方法成功应用于大型天体物理数据集,以快速自动分类TCE。
COUNTESS I: A Uniformly Vetted Catalog of Known and New Transiting Exoplanets in the TESS Northern Continuous Viewing Zone
University of Florida(佛罗里达大学);Penn State(宾夕法尼亚州立大学);Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds(系外行星与宜居世界中心);Caltech/IPAC-NASA Exoplanet Science Institute(加州理工学院/IPAC-NASA 系外行星科学研究所);California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院)
YOUNG Star detrending for Transiting Exoplanet Recovery (YOUNGSTER) II: Using Self-Organising Maps to explore young star variability in Sectors 1-13 of TESS data
Dept. of Physics, University of Warwick(华威大学物理系);Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick(华威大学系外行星与宜居性中心)
The OATMEAL Survey. II. The 3D spin-orbit obliquity of an eccentric transiting brown dwarf in the Ruprecht 147 open cluster
University of Hawai‘i(夏威夷大学);California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院);Michigan State University(密歇根州立大学);Indiana University(印第安纳大学);University of California, Santa Cruz(加利福尼亚大学圣克鲁兹分校);Massachusetts Institute of Technology(麻省理工学院);University of California Berkeley(加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校);Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院喷气推进实验室);Schmidt Sciences(施密特科学)
A search for transiting planets around FGKM dwarfs and sub-giants in the TESS Full Frame Images of the Southern ecliptic hemisphere
在这项工作中,我们提出了976 814 FGKM矮星和亚巨星的TESS全帧图像(FFI)的南黄道半球的分析。我们提出了一个新的管道,DIAmante,开发用于从TESS FFI和分类器中提取优化的多扇区测光,该分类器基于随机森林技术,经过训练,可以从常见的误报中区分可能的过境行星候选者。开发了一种新的统计模型,以提供正确识别变异性来源的概率。我们将行星搜索限制在位于天空中最不拥挤区域的恒星上,并确定了396颗凌日行星候选者,其中252颗是新发现的。候选人的半径分布范围在1 R $\rm_{\oplus}$和2.6 R $\rm_J$之间,中值为1 R $\rm_J$,周期分布范围在0.25天和105天之间,中值为3.8天。样本包含4个长周期候选者(P>50天),其中一个是新的,64个候选者的周期在10到50天之间(42个新的)。在小行星半径区域(R<4 R $\rm_{\oplus}$),我们发现了39个候选行星,其中15个是新发现的。此外,我们提出了15个单一的过境事件(14个新的),一个新的候选人多行星系和一个新的候选人周围的一个已知的TOI。通过使用{ \it盖亚}动力学约束,我们发现,70个对象显示的二元性的证据。我们通过MAST和ExoFOP门户网站发布了我们分析的对象的目录以及相应的光变曲线和诊断图。
The OATMEAL Survey. III. An Aligned Transiting Warm Brown Dwarf and Evidence for Quiescent Brown Dwarf Migration
Michigan State University(密歇根州立大学);University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign(伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校);Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian(哈佛与史密森尼天体物理中心);University of Southern Queensland(昆士兰南方大学);University of Hawai‘i(夏威夷大学);California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院);The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science(卡内基科学促进会天文台)
The Impact of Irradiation on the Radius and Thermal Evolution of Transiting Brown Dwarfs
School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University(亚利桑那州立大学地球与空间探索学院);Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz(加州大学圣克鲁兹分校天文学与天体物理系);Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai‘i(夏威夷大学天文研究所);William H. Miller III Department of Physics & Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University(约翰斯·霍普金斯大学威廉·H·米勒三世物理与天文学系)