城市代谢与可持续性科学
The Science of Urban Metabolism and Sustainability
AI总结：
本研究分析城市代谢与可持续性领域的论文，揭示其学科分布、研究方法、作者特征等演进结构，为优化相关研究政策提供依据。
摘要：
理解科学学科背后的量化模式对于制定明智的研究政策至关重要。虽然许多领域已从这一视角得到研究，但城市科学（Urban Science，USc）及其子领域的相关探索仍显不足。城市系统如同生物体，依赖物质与能量的输入及转化（即代谢）来维持基本动态。这一概念已被建筑学、社会学等多个学科，以及生态学、产业生态学等聚焦代谢过程的领域所采用。本研究探讨城市代谢（Urban Metabolism，UM）与可持续性研究的结构与演进，从学科、研究对象（如城市、区域）、方法论及作者多样性（国籍与性别）维度分析相关论文。我们的综述表明，UM是一个新兴领域，增长态势持续至2019年，主要由环境科学与生态学领域开展研究。常用方法包括生态网络分析（Ecological Network Analysis）、生命周期评估（Life Cycle Assessment）及物质流分析（Material Flow Analysis），研究侧重流量而非存量、生态系统动态及城市系统的演化视角。作者主要来自中国和美国，且与一般科学研究相比性别差距更小。我们的分析识别出该科学领域统计特性中凸显的相关挑战，这或有助于设计更完善的研究政策。
英文摘要：
Understanding the quantitative patterns behind scientific disciplines is fundamental for informed research policy. While many fields have been studied from this perspective, Urban Science (USc) and its subfields remain underexplored. As organisms, urban systems rely on materials and energy inputs and transformation (i.e. metabolism) to sustain essential dynamics. This concept has been adopted by various disciplines, including architecture and sociology, and by those focused on metabolic processes, such as ecology and industrial ecology. This study addresses the structure and evolution of Urban Metabolism (UM) and Sustainability research, analyzing articles by disciplines, study subjects (e.g., cities, regions), methodologies, and author diversity (nationality and gender). Our review suggests that UM is an emerging field that grew until 2019, primarily addressed by environmental science and ecology. Common methods include Ecological Network Analysis, and Life Cycle Assessment, and Material Flow Analysis, focusing flows over stocks, ecosystem dynamics and evolutionary perspectives of the urban system. Authors are predominantly from China and the USA, and there are less gender gaps compared to general science research. Our analysis identifies relevant challenges that have become evident in the statistical properties of this scientific field and which might be helpful for the design of improved research policies.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
