流体动力学驱动的固着活性哑铃的锁相与集体运动
Hydrodynamics-driven phase-locking and collective motility of sessile active dumbbells
AI总结：
本研究以呈现极限环形状振荡的活性哑铃为模型，通过模拟发现非运动活性个体间的流体动力学相互作用可引发固着-集体运动转变、相分离及振荡同步，揭示了流体耦合在无内在运动系统集体行为中的关键作用，为活性物质相关研究奠定基础。
摘要：
集体运动是自然界中跨多个尺度普遍存在的现象，从细菌群游、组织迁移到动物结群飞行均有体现。这种行为的潜在机制因生物系统的不同而存在显著差异：从细菌中的流体动力学与化学相互作用，到上皮组织中的机械力，再到动物群体中的社会对齐机制。尽管集体运动通常源于自主运动个体的协同活动，本研究探索了一个全新的场景：非运动活性个体系统中集体运动的涌现。受中性粒细胞、成纤维细胞等悬浮细胞中观察到的振荡形状动力学启发，我们将呈现极限环形状振荡的活性哑铃建模为此类系统的最简表征。通过计算模拟，我们证明这些哑铃之间的流体动力学相互作用会引发三类核心现象：依赖密度的从固着到集体运动的转变、流体动力学诱导的相分离，以及振荡形状变化的同步化。我们探究了流体动力学相互作用对固着活性哑铃这些涌现特性的作用。这些结果凸显了流体动力学耦合在缺乏内在运动能力的系统中，对集体行为的启动与组织所发挥的关键作用。本研究为未来探索活性物质的涌现行为，及其在理解细胞运动、组织动力学和仿生材料开发方面的应用奠定了基础。
英文摘要：
Collective motion is a phenomenon observed across length scales in nature, from bacterial swarming and tissue migration to the flocking of animals. The mechanisms underlying this behavior vary significantly depending on the biological system, ranging from hydrodynamic and chemical interactions in bacteria to mechanical forces in epithelial tissues and social alignment in animal groups. While collective motion often arises from the coordinated activity of independently motile agents, this work explores a novel context: the emergence of collective motion in systems of non-motile active agents. Inspired by the oscillatory shape dynamics observed in suspended cells such as neutrophils and fibroblasts, we model active dumbbells exhibiting limit-cycle oscillations in shape as a minimal representation of such systems.Through computational simulations, we demonstrate that hydrodynamic interactions between these dumbbells lead to three key phenomena: a density-dependent transition from sessile to collective motion, hydrodynamics-induced phase separation, and synchronization of oscillatory shape changes. We have explored the role of hydrodynamic interactions on these emergent properties of sessile active dumbbells. These results underscore the critical role of hydrodynamic coupling in enabling and organizing collective behaviors in systems lacking intrinsic motility. This study lays the groundwork for future investigations into the emergent behavior of active matter and its implications for understanding cell motility, tissue dynamics, and the development of bio-inspired materials.
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