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arXiv 2501.04800astro-ph.HE
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相对论性重联中的有效电阻率:一种基于完全动理学模拟的处方

Effective resistivity in relativistic reconnection: a prescription based on fully kinetic simulations

Abigail Moran, Lorenzo Sironi, Aviad Levis, Bart Ripperda, Elias R. Most, Sebastiaan Selvi

AI总结:

本文基于不同引导场强度下的相对论性对等离子体完全动理学PIC模拟,拟合出仅依赖单流体MHD量的有效电阻率经验公式,可再现非理想电场并提升电阻MHD重联率。

摘要:

多种高能天体物理现象的能量来源,是通过磁重联释放储存在反向磁场中的能量。采用均匀电阻率的单流体电阻磁流体力学(MHD)模拟所得到的耗散率,比等效的动理学计算低得多(相差近一个数量级)。因此,可以在电阻MHD中采用由动理学计算提供信息的非均匀“有效”电阻率,来模拟由重联驱动的现象。在本工作中,我们分析了一组相对论性对等离子体重联的完全动理学粒子网格(PIC)模拟——其中磁能大于静质量能——并针对与交变磁场分量正交的引导场取不同强度。我们提取出有效电阻率的经验处方:$η_{\mathrm{eff}} = αB_0 \mathbf{|J|}^p / \left(|\mathbf{J}|^{p+1}+\left(e n_t c\right)^{p+1}\right)$,其中$B_0$是重联磁场强度,$\bf J$是电流密度,$n_t$是实验室坐标系中的总数密度,$e$是基本电荷,$c$是光速。对引导场的依赖被编码在$α$和$p$中,我们用PIC数据对二者进行拟合。这一电阻率表述仅依赖单流体MHD量,成功再现了非理想电场的空间结构和强度,从而为提高电阻MHD模拟中的重联率提供了一种有前景的策略。

英文摘要:

A variety of high-energy astrophysical phenomena are powered by the release -- via magnetic reconnection -- of the energy stored in oppositely directed fields. Single-fluid resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations with uniform resistivity yield dissipation rates that are much lower (by nearly one order of magnitude) than equivalent kinetic calculations. Reconnection-driven phenomena could be accordingly modeled in resistive MHD employing a non-uniform, ``effective'' resistivity informed by kinetic calculations. In this work, we analyze a suite of fully kinetic particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of relativistic pair-plasma reconnection -- where the magnetic energy is greater than the rest mass energy -- for different strengths of the guide field orthogonal to the alternating component. We extract an empirical prescription for the effective resistivity, $η_{\mathrm{eff}} = αB_0 \mathbf{|J|}^p / \left(|\mathbf{J}|^{p+1}+\left(e n_t c\right)^{p+1}\right)$, where $B_0$ is the reconnecting magnetic field strength, $\bf J$ is the current density, $n_t$ the lab-frame total number density, $e$ the elementary charge, and $c$ the speed of light. The guide field dependence is encoded in $α$ and $p$, which we fit to PIC data. This resistivity formulation -- which relies only on single-fluid MHD quantities -- successfully reproduces the spatial structure and strength of nonideal electric fields, and thus provides a promising strategy for enhancing the reconnection rate in resistive MHD simulations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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