度量膨胀的多变量探索
Multivariate Exploration of Metric Dilation
AI总结:
本文研究度量空间下图的膨胀 $t$-增广问题,揭示稀疏情形下以 $k$ 为参数随 $t$ 变化的FPT与W[1]-难二分,并证明以 $k+t+\Delta$ 为参数时FPT。
摘要:
设 $G$ 是嵌入在度量空间 $(M,d_M)$ 中的加权图。$G$ 的顶点对应于 $M$ 中的点,每条边 $uv$ 的权重是其相应点在 $M$ 中的距离 $d_M(u,v)$。$G$ 的膨胀(或拉伸)定义为最小因子 $t$,使得对于任意顶点对 $u,v$,由最短 $u,v$ 路径的权重所表示的 $u$ 与 $v$ 之间的距离至多为 $t\cdot d_M(u,v)$。我们研究 Dilation $t$-Augmentation(膨胀 $t$-增广)问题,其目标是在给定度量 $M$、图 $G$ 以及数值 $k$ 和 $t$ 的情况下,判定是否可以通过添加至多 $k$ 条边,将 $G$ 转化为膨胀为 $t$ 的图。我们主要关注度量 $M$ 是无权图 $\Gamma$ 的最短路径度量这一情形。即使在这一特定情况下,Dilation $t$-Augmentation 在计算上仍然具有挑战性。特别地,当 $\Gamma$ 是完全图且已有 $t=2$ 时,该问题以 $k$ 为参数是 W[2]-难的。我们的主要贡献在于,针对不同参数组合对该问题计算复杂性的影响提供了新的见解。我们建立了以下结果。——当图 $G$ 稀疏时,该问题关于膨胀 $t$ 的参数化二分:以 $k$ 为参数,对于排除双团 $K_{d,d}$ 作为子图的图,当 $t\leq 2$ 时该问题是 FPT;而即使 $G$ 是由互不相交的星组成的森林,当 $t\geq 3$ 时该问题也是 W[1]-难的。——该问题以组合参数 $k+t+\Delta$ 为参数时是 FPT,其中 $\Delta$ 是图 $G$ 或 $\Gamma$ 的最大度。
英文摘要:
Let $G$ be a weighted graph embedded in a metric space $(M, d_M )$. The vertices of $G$ correspond to the points in $M$ , with the weight of each edge $uv$ being the distance $d_M (u, v)$ between their respective points in $M$ . The dilation (or stretch) of $G$ is defined as the minimum factor $t$ such that, for any pair of vertices $u, v$, the distance between $u$ and $v$-represented by the weight of a shortest $u$, $v$-path is at most $ t \cdot d_M (u, v)$. We study Dilation t-Augmentation, where the objective is, given a metric $M $, a graph $G$, and numerical values $k$ and $t$, to determine whether $G$ can be transformed into a graph with dilation $t$ by adding at most $k$ edges. Our primary focus is on the scenario where the metric $M$ is the shortest path metric of an unweighted graph $Γ$. Even in this specific case, Dilation $t$-Augmentation remains computationally challenging. In particular, the problem is W[2]-hard parameterized by $k$ when $Γ$ is a complete graph, already for $t=2$. Our main contribution lies in providing new insights into the impact of combinations of various parameters on the computational complexity of the problem. We establish the following. -- The parameterized dichotomy of the problem with respect to dilation $t$, when the graph $G$ is sparse: Parameterized by $k$, the problem is FPT for graphs excluding a biclique $K_{d,d}$ as a subgraph for $t\leq 2$ and the problem is W[1]-hard for $t\geq 3$ even if $G$ is a forest consisting of disjoint stars. -- The problem is FPT parameterized by the combined parameter $k+t+Δ$, where $Δ$ is the maximum degree of the graph $G$ or $Γ$.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。