通过中微子识别Thorne-Żytkow天体
Identifying Thorne-Żytkow Objects through Neutrinos
AI总结：
本文探讨了通过中微子探测识别 Thorne-Żytkow 天体（TŻOs）的方法，指出当前和下一代中微子天文台有能力探测到小麦哲伦云内的 TŻOs 信号，并强调开展专门中微子搜索的必要性。
摘要：
Thorne-Żytkow天体（TŻOs）被预测会当中子星被弥散的对流巨星包层吞噬时形成。中子星以大于 $10^{-4}\\, M_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$ 的速率吸积，预计会导致大量能量为 $1$-$100$ MeV 的全味中微子发射。由于中微子信号预计随时间（从毫秒到数千年）大幅变化，我们概述了针对信号持续时间量身定制的探测策略。我们发现，来自 TŻOs 的中微子探测，直到小麦哲伦云，均在当前和下一代中微子天文台（如 Super- 和 Hyper-Kamiokande、IceCube Neutrino Observatory 和 JUNO）的探测范围内。有趣的是，如果对 TŻO 候选天体（例如我们银河系中的 VX Sgr 以及小麦哲伦云中的 HV 2112 和 HV 11417）进行中微子定向搜索得出肯定结果，中微子将能够确定此类源的性质及其吸积率。此外，弥散超新星中微子背景可能能够排除 TŻOs 形成和吸积率的极端情况。我们的发现应作为建立对 TŻOs 中微子发射进行专门搜索的动机。这尤其及时，因为通过电磁辐射明确探测 TŻOs 具有挑战性，并且 TŻO 引力波信号只能用下一代探测器探测我们银河系内的源。
英文摘要：
Thorne-Żytkow Objects (TŻOs) have been predicted to form when a neutron star is engulfed by a diffuse, convective giant envelope. Accretion onto a neutron star at a rate that is larger than $10^{-4}\, M_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$ is expected to lead to significant emission of neutrinos of all flavors with energy of $1$-$100$ MeV. Since the neutrino signal is expected to largely vary in time (from milliseconds to thousands of years), we outline detection strategies tailored to the signal duration. We find that neutrino detection from TŻOs up to the Small Magellanic Cloud is within the reach of current- and next-generation neutrino observatories, such as Super- and Hyper-Kamiokande, the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, and JUNO. Interestingly, if targeted searches for neutrinos from TŻO candidates (e.g.VX Sgr in our Galaxy as well as HV 2112 and HV 11417 in the Small Magellanic Cloud) should lead to positive results, neutrinos could positively identify the nature of such sources and their accretion rate. Furthermore, the diffuse supernova neutrino background may be able to rule out extreme scenarios for the formation and accretion rates of TŻOs. Our findings should serve as motivation for establishing dedicated searches for neutrino emission from TŻOs. This is especially timely since it is challenging to detect TŻOs via electromagnetic radiation unambiguously, and the TŻO gravitational wave signal could be probed with next-generation detectors for sources within our Galaxy only.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
