用二维量子传感器探测高压下的应力与磁性
Probing Stress and Magnetism at High Pressures with Two-Dimensional Quantum Sensors
AI总结：
本研究将二维材料中的光学自旋缺陷集成到高压腔室，构建原位量子传感平台，在高达4 GPa下测绘应力与磁性，其响应比金刚石NV中心强约三倍，并成功成像应力梯度和磁相变。
摘要：
压力是一种基本的调控参数，能够极大地改变物质的所有性质。金刚石对顶砧（DAC）的出现使得在实验室环境中产生极端压力条件成为可能，其平台紧凑且可置于桌面。然而，这些环境中的有限空间尺寸和超高压力对传统光谱技术构成了重大挑战。在本工作中，我们将二维（2D）材料薄层中的光学自旋缺陷直接集成到高压腔室内，构建了一个原位量子传感平台，用于在高达4 GPa的压力下测绘局部应力和磁环境。与嵌入金刚石砧中的氮-空位（NV）中心相比，我们的二维传感器对局部应力的响应强约三倍，并在异质器件中提供与目标样品的纳米级接近度。我们通过成像高压腔室内的应力梯度以及室温自插层范德华铁磁体Cr$_{1+δ}$Te$_2$中压力驱动的磁相变，展示了我们方法的多样性。我们的工作展示了一种用于高压实验的集成量子传感设备，为探测超导、磁性和机械变形等压力诱导现象提供了潜在应用。
英文摘要：
Pressure serves as a fundamental tuning parameter capable of drastically modifying all properties of matter. The advent of diamond anvil cells (DACs) has enabled a compact and tabletop platform for generating extreme pressure conditions in laboratory settings. However, the limited spatial dimensions and ultrahigh pressures within these environments present significant challenges for conventional spectroscopy techniques. In this work, we integrate optical spin defects within a thin layer of two-dimensional (2D) materials directly into the high-pressure chamber, enabling an in situ quantum sensing platform for mapping local stress and magnetic environments up to 4~GPa. Compared to nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers embedded in diamond anvils, our 2D sensors exhibit around three times stronger response to local stress and provide nanoscale proximity to the target sample in heterogeneous devices. We showcase the versatility of our approach by imaging both stress gradients within the high-pressure chamber and a pressure-driven magnetic phase transition in a room-temperature self-intercalated van der Waals ferromagnet, Cr$_{1+δ}$Te$_2$. Our work demonstrates an integrated quantum sensing device for high-pressure experiments, offering potential applications in probing pressure-induced phenomena such as superconductivity, magnetism, and mechanical deformation.
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