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arXiv 2501.01736astro-ph.HE
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利用皮埃尔·奥格观测站第一阶段数据测量的宇宙线能谱与质量组成

Energy spectrum and mass composition of cosmic rays from Phase I data measured using the Pierre Auger Observatory

Vladimír Novotný

AI总结:

基于皮埃尔·奥格观测站第一阶段数据,结合荧光探测器与地面探测器测量,精确给出了超高能宇宙线的能谱和质量组成,并将测量能量下限分别扩展至6 PeV和60 PeV。

摘要:

皮埃尔·奥格观测站在运行十七年后结束了其第一阶段的数据采集。其地面探测器与荧光探测器(FD和SD)收集的数据集为我们提供了迄今最精确的超高能宇宙线能谱和质量组成估计。我们给出了簇射极大深度的测量结果,这是用于推断原初粒子种类的主要物理量,该量既可通过荧光探测器对簇射纵向发展轮廓的直接观测来确定,也可通过分析地面探测器台站信号间接获得。原初粒子的能谱同样由荧光探测器和地面探测器的测量共同确定,其中前者在能量确定方面具有较低的系统不确定度,而后者则利用了前所未有的大曝光量。得益于荧光探测器的高仰角望远镜和地面探测器更密集的阵列,能量低于1 EeV的原初粒子数据也可获得,使测量分别可低至6 PeV和60 PeV。

英文摘要:

The Pierre Auger Observatory concluded its first phase of data taking after seventeen years of operation. The dataset collected by its surface and fluorescence detectors (FD and SD) provides us with the most precise estimates of the energy spectrum and mass composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays yet available. We present measurements of the depth of shower maximum, the main quantity used to derive species of primary particles, determined either from the direct observation of longitudinal profiles of showers by the FD, or indirectly through the analysis of signals in the SD stations. The energy spectrum of primaries is also determined from both FD and SD measurements, where the former exhibits lower systematic uncertainty in the energy determination while the latter exploits unprecedentedly large exposure. The data for primaries with energy below 1 EeV are also available thanks to the high-elevation telescopes of FD and the denser array of SD, making measurements possible down to 6 PeV and 60 PeV, respectively.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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