分布式大规模MIMO网络中的能耗与频谱效率权衡
Energy-and Spectral-Efficiency Trade-off in Distributed Massive-MIMO Networks
AI总结：
本文提出了一种基于分数规划的优化方法，用于分布式大规模MIMO网络中能耗与频谱效率的权衡分析，通过动态AP激活和关联策略优化，实现高效资源分配。
摘要：
本文研究了上行分布式大规模多输入多输出（D-mMIMO）系统中能耗效率（EE）和频谱效率（SE）的权衡。不同于传统方法中仅关注发射功率消耗，我们采用了一个综合的系统级能耗框架，该框架包括前 haul 信号、分布式处理和电路级功率消耗，这些自身受动态接入点（AP）激活（ON-/OFF决策）和AP-用户设备（UE）关联策略的影响。因此，我们通过联合优化发射功率分配、AP激活和AP-UE关联来分析EE-SE权衡。我们提出一个优化问题，旨在在满足总SE约束、用户最小SE要求和前 haul 容量限制的情况下最大化EE。我们的解决方案采用基于分数规划的方法，同时确定发射功率水平、动态AP-UE关联和AP激活策略。数值结果表明，动态AP激活和关联显著影响EE-SE权衡，揭示了平衡频谱性能与能耗的最优运行点。研究结果为下一代无线网络中高效D-mMIMO部署提供了实用指南，突显了在实现可持续高性能通信中自适应资源分配的重要性。
英文摘要：
This paper investigates the energy efficiency (EE) and spectral efficiency (SE) trade-off in uplink distributed massive multiple-input multiple-output (D-mMIMO) systems. Unlike conventional approaches where power consumption focuses primarily on transmit power, we use a comprehensive system-level power consumption framework which incorporates consumption due to fronthaul signaling, distributed processing, and circuit level power, which are, themselves, critically influenced by the dynamic access point (AP) activation (ON-/OFF decisions), and AP-user equipment (UE) association strategies. Consequently, we analyze the EE-SE trade-off through the joint optimization of transmit power allocation, AP activation, and AP-UE association. We formulate an optimization problem that maximizes EE while satisfying sum-SE constraints, per-user minimum SE requirements, and fronthaul capacity limits. Our solution uses a fractional programming-based approach to simultaneously determine transmit power levels, dynamic AP-UE associations, and AP activation strategies. Numerical results demonstrate that dynamic AP activation and association substantially impact the EE-SE trade-off, revealing optimal operating points that balance spectral performance with energy consumption. The findings provide practical guidelines for energyefficient D-mMIMO deployment in next generation wireless networks, highlighting the importance of adaptive resource allocation in achieving sustainable high-performance communications.
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