半持久调度（SPS）协议的信息年龄（AoI）特性分析
An Age of Information Characterization of SPS
AI总结：
本文基于半持久调度协议，推导了信息年龄的稳态分布闭式近似，揭示了信息年龄违反概率与平均信息年龄的互补行为，强调了预约持续时间对协议性能的关键作用。
摘要：
我们推导了半持久调度（SPS）协议的信息年龄（AoI）稳态分布的闭式近似，该协议是NR-V2X的重要标准之一。尽管先前研究主要关注平均AoI，本文通过推导信息年龄概率质量函数的近似值，提供了完整的统计特性分析。结果表明，除了平均AoI外，我们能够评估信息年龄违反概率，这对安全关键应用尤为重要，因为需要确保系统运行过程中AoI不超过预设阈值。研究揭示了信息年龄违反概率与平均AoI的互补行为，并突显了预约持续时间作为SPS协议中关键参数的作用。我们利用这一发现，展示了如何根据应用性能需求调整该关键参数。
英文摘要：
We derive a closed-form approximation of the stationary distribution of the Age of Information (AoI) of the semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) protocol which is a core part of NR-V2X, an important standard for vehicular communications. While prior works have studied the average AoI under similar assumptions, in this work we provide a full statistical characterization of the AoI by deriving an approximation of its probability mass function. As result, besides the average AoI, we are able to evaluate the age-violation probability, which is of particular relevance for safety-critical applications in vehicular domains, where the priority is to ensure that the AoI does not exceed a predefined threshold during system operation. The study reveals complementary behavior of the age-violation probability compared to the average AoI and highlights the role of the duration of the reservation as a key parameter in the SPS protocol. We use this to demonstrate how this crucial parameter should be tuned according to the performance requirements of the application.
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