Artificial Intelligence has proven to be a transformative tool for advancing scientific research across a wide range of disciplines. However, a significant gap still exists between AI and scientific communities, limiting the full potential of AI methods in driving broad scientific discovery. Existing efforts in identifying and bridging this gap have often relied on qualitative examination of small samples of literature, offering a limited perspective on the broader AI4Science landscape. In this work, we present a large-scale analysis of the AI4Science literature, starting by using large language models to identify scientific problems and AI methods in publications from top science and AI venues. Leveraging this new dataset, we quantitatively highlight key disparities between AI methods and scientific problems, revealing substantial opportunities for deeper AI integration across scientific disciplines. Furthermore, we explore the potential and challenges of facilitating collaboration between AI and scientific communities through the lens of link prediction. Our findings and tools aim to promote more impactful interdisciplinary collaborations and accelerate scientific discovery through deeper and broader AI integration. Our code and dataset are available at: https://github.com/charles-pyj/Bridging-AI-and-Science.
Bridging Technology and Humanities: Evaluating the Impact of Large Language Models on Social Sciences Research with DeepSeek-R1
School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University（陕西师范大学物理与信息技术学院）；School of Foreign Languages, Northwest University（西北大学外国语学院）；School of Computing, University of Georgia（佐治亚大学计算学院）
ActMem: Bridging the Gap Between Memory Retrieval and Reasoning in LLM Agents
State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, China（南京大学新型软件技术国家重点实验室）；Alibaba Group, Hangzhou, China（阿里巴巴集团，杭州，中国）；National Institute of Healthcare Data Science, Nanjing University, China（南京大学健康数据科学国家研究院）
What is Implementation Science; and Why It Matters for Bridging the Artificial Intelligence Innovation-to-Application Gap in Medical Imaging
Tehran University of Medical Sciences（德黑兰医科大学）；Imperial College（帝国理工学院）；Washington University in St. Louis（圣路易斯华盛顿大学）；Sultan Qaboos University（苏丹卡布斯大学）；Universiti Sains Malaysia（马来西亚理科大学）；University of British Columbia（不列颠哥伦比亚大学）；BC Cancer Research Institute（不列颠哥伦比亚癌症研究所）
Bridging Philosophy and Machine Learning: A Structuralist Framework for Classifying Neural Network Representations
Department of Computer Science, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel（计算机科学系，基尔基督教-阿尔布雷希特大学）；Max Planck Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences（认知与脑科学马克斯·普朗克研究所）
Mind the Gap! Bridging Explainable Artificial Intelligence and Human Understanding with Luhmann's Functional Theory of Communication
School of Law, Birkbeck, University of London（伦敦大学伯贝克学院法学院）；Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich（苏黎世联邦理工学院计算机科学系）；ARC Centre of Excellence for Automated Decision-Making and Society, RMIT University（皇家墨尔本理工大学自动化决策与社会ARC卓越研究中心）
Mind the Gap: Bridging the Divide Between AI Aspirations and the Reality of Autonomous Characterization
National Renewable Energy Laboratory（国家可再生能源实验室）；University of Cincinnati（俄亥俄大学）；School of Materials Engineering（材料工程学院）；Purdue University（普渡大学）；School of Mechanical Engineering（机械工程学院）；Pacific Northwest National Laboratory（太平洋西北国家实验室）；Energy and Environment Directorate（能源与环境管理局）；Colorado School of Mines（科罗拉多矿业学院）；Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute（可再生能源与可持续能源研究所）；University of Colorado Boulder（科罗拉多大学博尔德分校）
Bridging the Gap between Probabilistic and Deterministic Models: A Simulation Study on a Variational Bayes Predictive Coding Recurrent Neural Network Model
KAIST（韩国科学技术院）；Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology（冲绳科学技术大学院大学）
Learning from learning machines: a new generation of AI technology to meet the needs of science
Pattern Computer, Inc.（Pattern Computer公司）；Lawrence Berkeley National Lab（劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室）；UC Berkeley（加州大学伯克利分校）；BCAM, Basque Center for Applied Mathematics（巴斯克应用数学中心）；University of California, Davis（加州大学戴维斯分校）；CENIC；University of California, Davis School of Medicine（加州大学戴维斯分校医学院）
