丝化辅助的孤立阿秒脉冲产生
Filamentation-Assisted Isolated Attosecond Pulse Generation
AI总结：
本研究提出丝化辅助的孤立阿秒脉冲产生机制，利用半无限气池中激光丝化的时空整形与相位匹配效应，在多种气体中实现稳定高对比度的超短阿秒脉冲，为阿秒科学与后压缩技术发展提供新路径。
摘要：
由少周期飞秒激光产生的孤立阿秒脉冲（IAPs）是捕捉原子、分子和固体中超快动力学过程的关键工具。然而，阿秒科学的发展核心取决于能否获得稳定、高时间对比度的孤立阿秒脉冲。本研究揭示了一种通用机制：在扩展气体介质中产生高次谐波时，红外驱动光的自压缩可实现高对比度的高频孤立阿秒脉冲产生。实验与理论结果表明，半无限气池中的丝化效应不仅能在空间和时间上塑造红外驱动脉冲，还能形成稳定的相位匹配高次谐波产生传播区域，从而产生高亮度的孤立阿秒脉冲。在充氩气池中，丝化效应将基于镱（Yb）的1030 nm脉冲的脉宽从4.7 fs显著压缩至3.5 fs，同时产生了光子能量为70 eV、脉宽200阿秒的高对比度孤立阿秒脉冲。我们验证了丝化辅助孤立阿秒脉冲产生的普适性：在氖气和氦气中，经后压缩的Yb基激光丝分别产生了更短的孤立阿秒脉冲——100 eV下69阿秒、135 eV下65阿秒的脉冲。这种通过丝化实现少周期脉冲时空整形的方法，对后压缩技术和基于阿秒的相关技术均具有直接的推动作用。
英文摘要：
Isolated attosecond pulses (IAPs) generated by few-cycle femtosecond lasers are essential for capturing ultrafast dynamics in atoms, molecules, and solids. Nonetheless, the advancement of attosecond science critically depends on achieving stable, high-temporal-contrast IAPs. Our study reveals a universal scenario in which self-compression of the infrared driver in high harmonic generation in extended gas media leads to high-contrast high-frequency IAP generation. Our experimental and theoretical results reveal that filamentation in a semi-infinite gas cell not only shapes the infrared driving pulse spatially and temporally, but also creates a stable propagation region where high harmonic generation is phase-matched, leading to the production of bright IAPs. In an argon-filled gas cell, filamentation notably reduces the pulse duration of Yb-based 1030 nm pulses from 4.7 fs to 3.5 fs, while simultaneously generating high-contrast 200-attosecond IAPs at 70 eV. We demonstrate the universality of filamentation-assisted IAP generation, showing that post-compressed Yb-based laser filaments in neon and helium yield even shorter IAPs: 69-attoseconds at 100 eV, and 65-attoseconds IAPs at 135 eV, respectively. This spatiotemporal reshaping of few-cycle pulses through filamentation possesses immediate impacts on both post-compression techniques and attosecond-based technologies.
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